Blazars Jets and Prospects for TeV-PeV Neutrinos and Gamma Rays Through Cosmic-Ray Interactions

Abstract

This study explores the origins of cosmic rays and their secondary messengers, focusing on the potential role of four BL Lacs—W Comae, 1ES 1959+650, PKS 2005-489, and PKS 2155-304—as potential sources of astrophysical neutrinos and gamma rays. We analyzed a single-zone model to understand the interactions between high-energy protons and ambient photons within blazar jets, leading to neutrino production observables and gamma-ray emission. This modeling contextualizes the emissions within multiwavelength observations and evaluates the capabilities of the next-generation Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) in detecting these emissions. Our estimations suggest that these sources could be effective emitters of CRs, highlighting the need for future multimessenger observations to further investigate and constrain this class of sources.