Formulation and Development of Posaconazole Loaded Controlled Release Nanosponge Topical Gel for the Treatment of Fungal Infection

Abstract

Purpose

The main purpose of this study is to synthesize posaconazole as a nanosponge device to evaluate its antifungal potential, specifically for the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis caused by the Candida albicans fungus.

Methods

Posaconazole inhibits fungi by acting on their cell membrane through its antifungal action. Posaconazole nanosponges made using a solvent preparation technique. The polymer methyl-β-cyclodextrin was utilized to make the nanosponge. Particle size, entrapment effectiveness, drug content, and scanning electron microscopy were assessed for nanosponge formulations. Carbopol 934, preservatives, and a few more pH adjacent ingredients are used in the gel production process. Evaluation tests for spreadability, viscosity, gelling strength, pH, and in vitro diffusion of gels loaded with nanosponges.

Results

The F4 formulation’s entrapment efficiency was determined to be 562.7 ± 0.036 nm with 99.24 ± 0.016% of Entrapment efficiency. Viscosity 47879 ± 0.546 cps, Spreadability 13.09 ± 0.065 g.cm/s, pH 6.54 ± 0.004, and gelling strength 112 sec.% are all displayed in the optimized batch of nanosponge loaded gel. The improved batch’s drug diffusion was determined to be 95.58 ± 0.079% for a full day. Studies on skin irritation and stability testing of the improved formulation were performed. The formulation may offer prolonged release and enhanced drug bioavailability, boosting the medication's therapeutic efficacy, according to the high entrapment efficiency and suitable particle size.

Conclusion

The formulation’s excellent entrapment efficiency and adequate particle size imply prolonged drug release and increased bioavailability, improving therapeutic effectiveness. As a result, the study provides a strong basis for the creation of topical antifungal medications that work.