Stage-specific efficacy of osimertinib in treatment-naïve EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer according to baseline genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Investigational New Drugs Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI:10.1007/s10637-024-01500-9
Yoshihiko Taniguchi, Akihiro Tamiya, Mitsuo Osuga, Shun-Ichi Isa, Keiichi Nakamura, Yasuyuki Mizumori, Tsutomu Shinohara, Hidetoshi Yanai, Katsumi Nakatomi, Masahide Oki, Masahide Mori, Tomohito Kuwako, Koji Yamazaki, Masahiro Shimada, Masahiko Ando, Yasuhiro Koh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The impact of clinical stage on the effectiveness of osimertinib for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unexamined. We investigated osimertinib therapeutic efficacy variation between stage IVA or lower and stage IVB EGFR mutation-positive lung cancers, focusing on differences in pretreatment co-occurring genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA. This was a secondary analysis of the ELUCIDATOR study, a multicenter prospective observational study in Japan that assessed the mechanisms underlying resistance to osimertinib as a first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutations. We compared the progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and pretreatment co-occurring genetic alterations detected in plasma between patients with stages IVA (n = 83) and IVB disease (n = 84). Multivariate analysis of PFS and OS revealed that stage IVB was associated with a poor prognosis (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36-3.04, p < 0.001, HR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.45-3.90, p < 0.001, respectively). Pre-osimertinib treatment, significantly more TP53- (52.4% vs. 27.7%, p = 0.002), EGFR amplification- (58.3% vs. 23.2%, p < 0.001), and MET amplification-positive cases (22.6% vs. 7.2%, p = 0.008) were found among stage IVB than among stage IVA or lower cases. Patients with EGFR-positive NSCLC in stage IVB exhibited significantly shorter PFS and OS than those in earlier stages when treated with first-line osimertinib. The prevalence of baseline TP53 mutations, EGFR amplification, and MET amplification in plasma were significantly higher in stage IVB cases, implicating them in the worse outcomes of this group.

根据循环肿瘤DNA的基线遗传改变,奥西替尼治疗treatment-naïve egfr突变的非小细胞肺癌的分期特异性疗效
临床分期对奥西替尼治疗表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变阳性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)疗效的影响尚未得到研究。我们研究了奥西替尼治疗IVA期或更低阶段和IVB期EGFR突变阳性肺癌的疗效差异,重点关注循环肿瘤DNA中预处理共同发生的遗传改变的差异。这是对日本的一项多中心前瞻性观察性研究——ELUCIDATOR研究的二次分析,该研究评估了奥西替尼作为EGFR突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗的耐药机制。我们比较了IVA期(n = 83)和IVB期(n = 84)患者血浆中检测到的无进展生存期(PFS)、总生存期(OS)和预处理共发生的遗传改变。PFS和OS的多因素分析显示,IVB期与预后不良相关(风险比[HR]: 2.03, 95%可信区间[CI]: 1.36-3.04, p
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
121
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The development of new anticancer agents is one of the most rapidly changing aspects of cancer research. Investigational New Drugs provides a forum for the rapid dissemination of information on new anticancer agents. The papers published are of interest to the medical chemist, toxicologist, pharmacist, pharmacologist, biostatistician and clinical oncologist. Investigational New Drugs provides the fastest possible publication of new discoveries and results for the whole community of scientists developing anticancer agents.
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