Spinal Cord Compression as the First Presentation of Primary Hyperoxaluria in a Patient With Kidney Failure: A Case Report and Literature Review

IF 3.2 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY
Marwa Kliea , Mohammad Alsultan , Safaa Qatleesh , Yousef Haroun , Osama Abdul Aziz , Kassem Basha
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Abstract

A 50-year-old woman with kidney failure complained of back pain and an inability to walk. The medical history included hypothyroidism, nephrolithiasis, and resistant anemia aligned with several transfusions. The examination showed hepatosplenomegaly, lower limb weakness, absence of reflexes, and lack of sensations with a sensory level T6. Laboratory results showed hypercalcemia with suppression of parathyroid hormone levels. Magnetic resonance imaging showed vertebral fractures and mass-like lesions that compressed the spine at T4, T9, L4, and L5. Vertebral and bone marrow biopsies showed calcium oxalate (CaOx) depositions. Here, we reported a rare case of primary hyperoxaluria (PH) in a patient with kidney failure who presented with spinal cord compression caused by vertebral fractures and mass-like lesions. We summarized a literature review of PH patients with spinal cord compression, which showed only 3 cases. The multiorgan CaOx infiltration in this patient also caused resistant anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, extensive bone lesions, hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, and hypercalcemia. The overdiagnosis of renal osteodystrophy and the negative family history could delay the diagnosis of PH in patients with kidney failure. Thus, clinicians should always consider PH in the differential diagnosis of kidney failure patients with stone events given that the early diagnosis of PH could be lifesaving.
脊髓压迫作为肾衰竭患者原发性高血氧症的首次表现:一例报告和文献回顾。
一名患有肾衰竭的50岁妇女自诉背部疼痛和无法行走。病史包括甲状腺功能减退、肾结石和抵抗性贫血,并与数次输血相符。检查显示肝脾肿大,下肢无力,反射性缺失,感觉等级T6。实验室结果显示高钙血症并抑制甲状旁腺激素水平。磁共振成像显示椎体骨折和肿块样病变压迫T4、T9、L4和L5脊柱。椎体和骨髓活检显示草酸钙(CaOx)沉积。在此,我们报告了一例罕见的原发性高草酸尿(PH)患者,其肾衰竭患者表现为椎骨骨折和肿块样病变引起的脊髓压迫。我们总结了一篇关于PH患者合并脊髓压迫的文献综述,其中只有3例。该患者的多器官CaOx浸润也引起了顽固性贫血、肝脾肿大、广泛的骨病变、甲状旁腺功能减退、甲状腺功能减退和高钙血症。肾性骨营养不良的过度诊断和阴性家族史可延迟肾衰竭患者PH的诊断。因此,临床医生在肾衰竭合并结石事件的鉴别诊断中应始终考虑PH,因为PH的早期诊断可能挽救生命。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Kidney Medicine
Kidney Medicine Medicine-Internal Medicine
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
5.10%
发文量
176
审稿时长
12 weeks
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