Pharmacogenomics for neurodegenerative disorders - a focused review.

IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Frontiers in Pharmacology Pub Date : 2024-12-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fphar.2024.1478964
S Rehan Ahmad, Md Zeyaullah, Mohammad Suhail Khan, Abdullah M AlShahrani, Abdelrhman A Galaleldin Altijani, Haroon Ali, Adam Dawria, Ali Mohieldin, Mohammad Shane Alam, Awad Osman Abdalla Mohamed
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are characterized by the progressive degeneration of neuronal structure and function, leading to severe cognitive and motor impairments. These conditions present significant challenges to healthcare systems, and traditional treatments often fail to account for genetic variability among patients, resulting in inconsistent therapeutic outcomes. Pharmacogenomics aims to tailor medical treatments based on an individual's genetic profile, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse effects. This focused review explores the genetic factors influencing drug responses in neurodegenerative diseases and the potential of pharmacogenomics to revolutionize their treatment. Key genetic markers, such as the APOE ε4 allele in AD and the CYP2D6 polymorphisms in PD, are highlighted for their roles in modulating drug efficacy. Additionally, advancements in pharmacogenomic tools, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and CRISPR-Cas9, are discussed for their contributions to personalized medicine. The application of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice and its prospects, including ethical and data integration challenges, are also examined.

神经退行性疾病的药物基因组学研究综述
神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森病(PD)、亨廷顿病(HD)和肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS),其特征是神经元结构和功能的进行性变性,导致严重的认知和运动障碍。这些疾病对卫生保健系统提出了重大挑战,传统治疗方法往往无法解释患者之间的遗传变异,导致治疗结果不一致。药物基因组学的目标是根据个人的遗传特征定制医疗方法,从而提高治疗效果并减少不良反应。这篇综述重点探讨了影响神经退行性疾病药物反应的遗传因素以及药物基因组学在彻底改变其治疗方面的潜力。关键的遗传标记,如AD中的APOE ε4等位基因和PD中的CYP2D6多态性,因其在调节药物疗效中的作用而被强调。此外,还讨论了药物基因组学工具的进展,包括全基因组关联研究(GWAS)、下一代测序(NGS)和CRISPR-Cas9对个性化医疗的贡献。药物基因组学在临床实践中的应用及其前景,包括伦理和数据整合的挑战,也进行了审查。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Frontiers in Pharmacology PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY-
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
8.90%
发文量
5163
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Pharmacology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across disciplines, including basic and clinical pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, pharmacy and toxicology. Field Chief Editor Heike Wulff at UC Davis is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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