Clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of pembrolizumab -induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Zhaoquan Wu, Xiting Li, Rui Huang, Binsheng He, Chunjiang Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The understanding of pembrolizumab-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) /toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) primarily derives from case reports, leaving specific clinical features largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics associated with pembrolizumab-induced SJS/TEN and to encourage the judicious use of pembrolizumab. Retrieve reports on pembrolizumab induced SJS/TEN before September 30, 2024 for retrospective analysis. Twenty-four (57.1%) and 18 (42.9%) patients were enrolled, with a median age of 65 years (range 32, 81). The median time to onset of SJS/TEN was 15 days (range 2, 180), and the median cycle was 1 cycle (range 1, 9). The most prevalent skin symptoms included erythema (66.7%), rash (64.3%), bullae/blisters (50.0%), and epidermal detachment (42.9%). Skin biopsy findings primarily revealed epidermal necrosis (42.9%), keratinocyte necrosis (35.7%), subepidermal bulla/blister (19.0%), and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration (47.6%). Following the cessation of the drug and subsequent treatment, 85.7% of patients showed symptom improvement, while 14.3% succumbed to the condition. SJS/TEN represents a rare but potentially fatal adverse reaction to pembrolizumab. Clinicians should consider SJS/TEN in patients presenting with fever, erythematous rash, or mucosal involvement. Timely identification and management of SJS/TEN can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
121
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The development of new anticancer agents is one of the most rapidly changing aspects of cancer research. Investigational New Drugs provides a forum for the rapid dissemination of information on new anticancer agents. The papers published are of interest to the medical chemist, toxicologist, pharmacist, pharmacologist, biostatistician and clinical oncologist. Investigational New Drugs provides the fastest possible publication of new discoveries and results for the whole community of scientists developing anticancer agents.
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