More π, please: What drives the formation of unsaturated molecules in the interstellar medium?†

IF 7.6 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Jhoan Londoño-Restrepo, Santiago Gómez, Heidy M. Quitián-Lara, Felipe Fantuzzi and Albeiro Restrepo
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Abstract

We present a computational investigation into the fragmentation pathways of ethanolamine (C2H7NO, EtA), propanol (C3H8O, PrO), butanenitrile (C4H7N, BuN), and glycolamide (C2H5NO2, GlA)—saturated organic molecules detected in the interstellar medium (ISM), particularly in the molecular cloud complex Sagittarius B2 (Sgr B2) and its molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027. Using electron-impact ionization data and Born–Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how cosmic rays, cosmic-ray-induced UV fields, and shock-induced heating can induce the fragmentation of these molecules, resulting in the formation of unsaturated species with extended π-bond networks. Despite the attenuation of external UV radiation in G+0.693-0.027, these energetic processes are capable of driving partial transformations of saturated into unsaturated molecules, supporting the coexistence of species like EtA and GlA alongside unsaturated nitriles such as cyanoacetylene (HC3N), cyanopropyne (CH3C3N), and cyanoallene (CH2CCHCN). Our findings underscore the significance of high-energy mechanisms in enhancing chemical complexity within molecular clouds and offer insights into the pathways that govern the evolution of organic molecules in the ISM.

Abstract Image

更多的π:是什么驱动了星际介质中不饱和分子的形成?
我们对星际介质(ISM)中检测到的乙醇胺(C2H7NO, EtA)、丙醇(c3h80, PrO)、丁腈(C4H7N, BuN)和乙醇酰胺(C2H5NO2, GlA)饱和有机分子的裂解途径进行了计算研究,特别是在分子云复合物人马座B2 (Sgr B2)及其分子云G+ 0.993 - 0.027中。利用电子碰撞电离数据和Born-Oppenheimer分子动力学模拟,我们研究了宇宙射线、宇宙射线诱导的紫外场和激波诱导的加热如何诱导这些分子的断裂,从而形成具有扩展π键网络的不饱和物质。尽管外部紫外线辐射在G+ 0.993 - 0.027范围内衰减,但这些能量过程能够驱动饱和分子向不饱和分子的部分转化,支持EtA和GlA等物种与不饱和腈(如氰乙炔(HC3N),氰丙炔(CH3C3N)和氰丙烯(CH2CCHCN))共存。我们的发现强调了高能机制在增强分子云中化学复杂性方面的重要性,并为在ISM中控制有机分子进化的途径提供了见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Chemical Science
Chemical Science CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
14.40
自引率
4.80%
发文量
1352
审稿时长
2.1 months
期刊介绍: Chemical Science is a journal that encompasses various disciplines within the chemical sciences. Its scope includes publishing ground-breaking research with significant implications for its respective field, as well as appealing to a wider audience in related areas. To be considered for publication, articles must showcase innovative and original advances in their field of study and be presented in a manner that is understandable to scientists from diverse backgrounds. However, the journal generally does not publish highly specialized research.
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