Mechanochemistry for On-Demand Polymer Network Materials

IF 5.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02293

Zhi Jian Wang, Jian Ping Gong

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Abstract

Contemporary polymer network materials, such as hydrogels and elastomers, require not only enhanced mechanical properties but also adaptability during or after use. Polymer mechanochemistry, which utilizes mechanical force to induce chemical reactions within polymers, has shown great potential in meeting these demands. This Perspective will explore how mechanophores, when integrated into polymer networks, can regulate microscale fracture pathways, either strengthening or weakening the materials. Additionally, it will examine how force-induced bond scission can trigger additional chemical reactions to adaptively adjust the polymer structures for on-demand functions. These force-activated chemical reactions could lead to strategies for strengthening, reshaping, and patterning materials through polymer growth, or, conversely, result in extensive bond scission and material degradation. The Perspective will also highlight the great potential of tough double network hydrogels as mechanochemical materials that can use mechanical energy to drive chemical reactions in an efficient and controllable manner. This opens up new possibilities for developing force-triggered “living materials” similar to biological systems.

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来源期刊

Macromolecules 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

16.40%

发文量

942

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Macromolecules publishes original, fundamental, and impactful research on all aspects of polymer science. Topics of interest include synthesis (e.g., controlled polymerizations, polymerization catalysis, post polymerization modification, new monomer structures and polymer architectures, and polymerization mechanisms/kinetics analysis); phase behavior, thermodynamics, dynamic, and ordering/disordering phenomena (e.g., self-assembly, gelation, crystallization, solution/melt/solid-state characteristics); structure and properties (e.g., mechanical and rheological properties, surface/interfacial characteristics, electronic and transport properties); new state of the art characterization (e.g., spectroscopy, scattering, microscopy, rheology), simulation (e.g., Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, multi-scale/coarse-grained modeling), and theoretical methods. Renewable/sustainable polymers, polymer networks, responsive polymers, electro-, magneto- and opto-active macromolecules, inorganic polymers, charge-transporting polymers (ion-containing, semiconducting, and conducting), nanostructured polymers, and polymer composites are also of interest. Typical papers published in Macromolecules showcase important and innovative concepts, experimental methods/observations, and theoretical/computational approaches that demonstrate a fundamental advance in the understanding of polymers.