Factors associated with not smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adolescents and young people: Analysis of data from the 2014 to 15 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey.

Abstract

Issue addressed: Smoking rates have been steadily declining among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Examining the factors associated with not smoking in young people is crucial for understanding the motivations and influences that lead individuals to adopt healthy behaviours.

Methods: Secondary analysis was undertaken of data collected as part of the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (NATSISS) 2014-15 (n = 1456). Factors associated with not smoking were explored with three multivariate regressions: (1) socio-demographic characteristics; (2) health, social and emotional factors; and (3) cultural identity characteristics.

Results: Overall, 66% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people aged 15-24 years did not smoke. Factors associated with not smoking included being younger, female, and engaged in study or employment. Those who lived with no smoking in the house, had lower illicit drug and alcohol use, and participated in Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander sports carnivals were also more likely to be non-smokers.

Conclusions: Study findings reinforce the influence of social determinants on smoking behaviour. Efforts to reduce smoking among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander young people should focus on removing barriers to education and employment, promoting positive peer and family influences within households, taking a multi-drug approach to cessation, and considering cultural identity and its role in promoting healthy lifestyles. SO WHAT?: Understanding the protective factors associated with not smoking in young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people will help with developing effective policies and initiatives to improve health outcomes.