{"title":"The use of peripheral blood biomarkers for predicting the risk of immune related adverse events in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.","authors":"Louise Duvall","doi":"10.1177/00045632241312629","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised oncology care, by enhancing the body's T cell lymphocyte response against tumour cells. ICIs block the inhibitory signalling between tumour cells and the immune system, but consequently reduce immunological tolerance. Subsequently for some, this leads to immune-related adverse events (irAE), a spectrum term for autoimmune-like toxicities induced by ICIs that affects various tissues and organs. This limited narrative review will give a brief overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune related adverse events for laboratory professionals and review the current evidence for predictive biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A limited narrative review was conducted by accessing Pubmed and Google from June 2023 to January 2024 to identify references published from database inception to January 2024. Language was restricted to English.</p><p><strong>Results/findings: </strong>Professional guidance does not recommend any biomarkers for irAE prediction. Some studies have found an association between the prediction of irAE and interleukin six (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), albumin, ferritin, full blood count metrics, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). However, these have often been single-centre retrospective studies. While an abundance of societal guidance has been produced, it is unclear what blood tests should be included within a baseline profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Presently, there is no singular biomarker routinely available in clinical laboratories that can predict the onset of irAE. A custom battery of tests may be more predictive, but evidence is currently lacking. In the meantime, due to the clinical significance of these complications, laboratory professionals should proactively support prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8005,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":"45632241312629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Clinical Biochemistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00045632241312629","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised oncology care, by enhancing the body's T cell lymphocyte response against tumour cells. ICIs block the inhibitory signalling between tumour cells and the immune system, but consequently reduce immunological tolerance. Subsequently for some, this leads to immune-related adverse events (irAE), a spectrum term for autoimmune-like toxicities induced by ICIs that affects various tissues and organs. This limited narrative review will give a brief overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors and immune related adverse events for laboratory professionals and review the current evidence for predictive biomarkers.
Methods: A limited narrative review was conducted by accessing Pubmed and Google from June 2023 to January 2024 to identify references published from database inception to January 2024. Language was restricted to English.
Results/findings: Professional guidance does not recommend any biomarkers for irAE prediction. Some studies have found an association between the prediction of irAE and interleukin six (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), albumin, ferritin, full blood count metrics, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). However, these have often been single-centre retrospective studies. While an abundance of societal guidance has been produced, it is unclear what blood tests should be included within a baseline profile.
Conclusions: Presently, there is no singular biomarker routinely available in clinical laboratories that can predict the onset of irAE. A custom battery of tests may be more predictive, but evidence is currently lacking. In the meantime, due to the clinical significance of these complications, laboratory professionals should proactively support prospective studies.
期刊介绍：
Annals of Clinical Biochemistry is the fully peer reviewed international journal of the Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine.
Annals of Clinical Biochemistry accepts papers that contribute to knowledge in all fields of laboratory medicine, especially those pertaining to the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of human disease. It publishes papers on clinical biochemistry, clinical audit, metabolic medicine, immunology, genetics, biotechnology, haematology, microbiology, computing and management where they have both biochemical and clinical relevance. Papers describing evaluation or implementation of commercial reagent kits or the performance of new analysers require substantial original information. Unless of exceptional interest and novelty, studies dealing with the redox status in various diseases are not generally considered within the journal''s scope. Studies documenting the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with particular phenotypes will not normally be considered, given the greater strength of genome wide association studies (GWAS). Research undertaken in non-human animals will not be considered for publication in the Annals.
Annals of Clinical Biochemistry is also the official journal of NVKC (de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Klinische Chemie) and JSCC (Japan Society of Clinical Chemistry).
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