Space- and object-based attention in patients with a single hemisphere following childhood resection.

Sophia Robert, Michael C Granovetter, Shouyu Ling, Marlene Behrmann
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Abstract

The neural processes underlying attentional processing are typically lateralized in adults, with spatial attention associated with the right hemisphere (RH) and object-based attention with the left hemisphere (LH). Using a modified two-rectangle attention paradigm, we compared the lateralization profiles of individuals with childhood hemispherectomy (either LH or RH) and age-matched, typically developing controls. Although patients exhibited slower reaction times (RTs) compared to controls, both groups benefited from valid attentional cueing. However, patients experienced significantly higher costs for invalid trials-reflected by larger RT differences between validly and invalidly cued targets. This was true for invalid trials on both cued and uncued objects, probes of object- and space-based attentional processes, respectively. Notably, controls showed no significant RT cost differences between invalidly cued locations on cued versus uncued objects. By contrast, patients exhibited greater RT costs for targets on uncued versus cued objects, suggesting greater difficulty shifting attention across objects. We explore potential explanations for this group difference and the lack of difference between patients with LH or RH resection. These findings enhance our understanding of spatial and object-based attention in typical development and reveal how significant neural injury affects the development of attentional systems in the LH and RH.

儿童切除单侧脑半球患者的空间和物体注意力。
成人注意加工的神经过程通常是侧化的,空间注意与右半球(RH)有关,基于物体的注意与左半球(LH)有关。使用改进的双矩形注意范式,我们比较了儿童半球切除术个体(LH或RH)和年龄匹配的典型发育对照的侧化概况。尽管与对照组相比,患者表现出较慢的反应时间(RTs),但两组都受益于有效的注意提示。然而,患者在无效试验中经历了明显更高的成本,这反映在有效和无效提示目标之间更大的RT差异上。对于有线索的和没有线索的物体、基于物体的和基于空间的注意力过程的探测,无效的实验都是如此。值得注意的是,对照组在提示和未提示物体上无效提示位置之间没有显着的RT成本差异。相比之下,患者在未提示物体上的目标比在提示物体上的目标表现出更高的RT成本,这表明在物体之间转移注意力更困难。我们探讨了这一组差异的潜在解释,以及LH或RH切除患者之间缺乏差异。这些发现增强了我们对典型发育中空间注意和基于物体的注意的理解,并揭示了显著的神经损伤如何影响LH和RH注意系统的发育。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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