Issues of the Structural Organization of Lignin and Prospects for Its Processing (A Review)

IF 1.1 4区 化学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
A. Yu. Kozhevnikov, S. L. Shestakov, Yu. A. Sypalova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article presents a review of the literature on studies of lignin, which is one of the most abundant biopolymers on Earth, basing on publications in the world’s most-cited sources. It is noted that, already nowadays, lignin is considered as a powerful renewable source of valuable organic raw materials, but the potential for lignin valorization is much broader than the presently exploited opportunities. Particular focus is placed on the structure and molecular organization of birch lignin; birch wood is actively used in chemical industry, while the literature on hardwood lignins is much scarcer compared to softwood lignins. The basic methods of structural investigation of such a complex and irregular polymer as lignin are discussed, and their advantages, disadvantages, and application prospects are analyzed. It is pointed out that, nowadays, the most effective methods for studying the lignin structural units are pyrolysis-gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Various methods of lignin isolation from wood are described, and the influence of the isolation method on the structure of the isolated substance was evaluated. Also, the structural features of birch lignin and its distinctions from lignins of other species are shown.

Abstract Image

木质素的结构组织问题及其加工研究进展(综述)
木质素是地球上最丰富的生物聚合物之一,本文根据世界上被引用最多的文献,对木质素的研究进行了综述。值得注意的是,现在木质素已经被认为是一种有价值的有机原料的强大可再生来源,但木质素增值的潜力比目前开发的机会要广泛得多。特别重点放在桦木质素的结构和分子组织;桦木在化学工业中有着广泛的应用,而硬木木质素的相关研究文献却相对较少。讨论了木质素这类复杂不规则聚合物结构研究的基本方法,分析了它们的优缺点及应用前景。指出目前研究木质素结构单元最有效的方法是热解-气相色谱法和核磁共振波谱法。介绍了从木材中分离木质素的各种方法,并评价了分离方法对分离物质结构的影响。此外,还介绍了桦木木质素的结构特征及其与其他树种木质素的区别。
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来源期刊
Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
10.00%
发文量
118
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry publishes reviews and original experimental and theoretical studies on the structure, function, structure–activity relationships, and synthesis of biopolymers, such as proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, mixed biopolymers, and their complexes, and low-molecular-weight biologically active compounds (peptides, sugars, lipids, antibiotics, etc.). The journal also covers selected aspects of neuro- and immunochemistry, biotechnology, and ecology.
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