Biologically Active Substances of Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae) Introduced in Western Siberia

Abstract

Objective: The chemical composition of the bioactive substances of various parts and organs of Agastache rugosa introduced in Western Siberia was studied. Samples of Agastache rugosa were collected by the authors in July–August, 2021–2022, in the territory of Tomsk oblast. Aqueous and aqueous-alcoholic extracts were obtained from the raw materials. Methods: The studies were conducted using PC, TLC, UV-spectroscopy, and titrimetry. The component composition of the essential oils was analyzed by GLC-MS on an Agilent 6890 gas chromatograph with quadrupole mass spectrometer (HP MSD 5973N). Results and Discussion: About 50 individual components were found, 30 of them for the first time. Vitamins (ascorbic acid, carotenoids), polysaccharides, phenolic compounds (flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, tannins), and essential oil were found in all organs of the plant. Saponins were present in the flowers and the herb, but not in the fruits. The presence of acacetin, apigenin, quercetin, tilianin, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid was detected. Conclusions: Differences in the contents of bioactive substances in different organs were revealed. The dominant groups in different parts and organs of the plant were essential oil, phenolcarboxylic acids, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid. Flavonoids and chlorophyll in all organs of Agastache rugosa species belong to the group of minor bioactive substances.