Giulia Terragni, Vanessa Nadig, Elena Tribbia, Stefano Di Gangi, Ekaterini Toumparidou, Thomas Meyer, Johann Marton, Volkmar Schulz, Stefan Gundacker, Marco Pizzichemi, Etiennette Auffray
{"title":"Exploring the performance of a DOI-capable TOF-PET module using different SiPMs, customized and commercial readout electronics.","authors":"Giulia Terragni, Vanessa Nadig, Elena Tribbia, Stefano Di Gangi, Ekaterini Toumparidou, Thomas Meyer, Johann Marton, Volkmar Schulz, Stefan Gundacker, Marco Pizzichemi, Etiennette Auffray","doi":"10.1088/1361-6560/ada19a","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Time resolution is crucial in positron emission tomography (PET) to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and image quality. Moreover, high sensitivity requires long scintillators, which can cause distortions in the reconstructed images due to parallax effects. This study evaluates the performance of a time-of-flight (TOF)-PET module that makes use of a single-side readout of a 4x4 3.1x3.1x15 mm<sup>3</sup>LYSO:Ce matrix with an array of 4x4 SiPMs and a light guide to extract high-resolution TOF and depth of interaction (DOI) information. 
Approach: This study assesses the performance of the detector prototype using the commercially available TOFPET2 ASIC and SiPMs from various producers. DOI and TOF performance are compared to results using custom-made NINO 32-chip based electronics.
Main Results: Using a Broadcom NUV-MT array, the detector module read out by the TOFPET2 ASIC demonstrates a DOI resolution of 2.6 ± 0.2 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 216 ± 6 ps FWHM. When read out using the NINO 32-chip based electronics, the same module achieves a DOI resolution of 2.5 ± 0.2 mm and a CTR of 170 ± 5 ps.
Significance: The prototype module, read out by commercial electronics and using state-of-the-art SiPMs, achieves a DOI performance comparable to that obtained with custom-made electronics and a CTR of around 200 ps. This approach is scalable to thousands of channels, with only a deterioration in timing resolution compared to the custom-made electronics, which achieve a CTR of 140 ps using a standard non-DOI module.</p>","PeriodicalId":20185,"journal":{"name":"Physics in medicine and biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physics in medicine and biology","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ada19a","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objective: Time resolution is crucial in positron emission tomography (PET) to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and image quality. Moreover, high sensitivity requires long scintillators, which can cause distortions in the reconstructed images due to parallax effects. This study evaluates the performance of a time-of-flight (TOF)-PET module that makes use of a single-side readout of a 4x4 3.1x3.1x15 mm3LYSO:Ce matrix with an array of 4x4 SiPMs and a light guide to extract high-resolution TOF and depth of interaction (DOI) information.
Approach: This study assesses the performance of the detector prototype using the commercially available TOFPET2 ASIC and SiPMs from various producers. DOI and TOF performance are compared to results using custom-made NINO 32-chip based electronics.
Main Results: Using a Broadcom NUV-MT array, the detector module read out by the TOFPET2 ASIC demonstrates a DOI resolution of 2.6 ± 0.2 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 216 ± 6 ps FWHM. When read out using the NINO 32-chip based electronics, the same module achieves a DOI resolution of 2.5 ± 0.2 mm and a CTR of 170 ± 5 ps.
Significance: The prototype module, read out by commercial electronics and using state-of-the-art SiPMs, achieves a DOI performance comparable to that obtained with custom-made electronics and a CTR of around 200 ps. This approach is scalable to thousands of channels, with only a deterioration in timing resolution compared to the custom-made electronics, which achieve a CTR of 140 ps using a standard non-DOI module.
期刊介绍:
The development and application of theoretical, computational and experimental physics to medicine, physiology and biology. Topics covered are: therapy physics (including ionizing and non-ionizing radiation); biomedical imaging (e.g. x-ray, magnetic resonance, ultrasound, optical and nuclear imaging); image-guided interventions; image reconstruction and analysis (including kinetic modelling); artificial intelligence in biomedical physics and analysis; nanoparticles in imaging and therapy; radiobiology; radiation protection and patient dose monitoring; radiation dosimetry