Assessment of atmospheric volatile organic compounds at two crude oil production plants in Southeastern Türkiye

IF 2.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI:10.1007/s10661-024-13494-1

Talha Kemal Koçak, Aysel Çağlan Günal

{"title":"Assessment of atmospheric volatile organic compounds at two crude oil production plants in Southeastern Türkiye","authors":"Talha Kemal Koçak, Aysel Çağlan Günal","doi":"10.1007/s10661-024-13494-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were investigated to determine their characteristics, Ozone Formation Potentials (OFPs), and health risks in two crude oil production plants (Nusaybin and Egil plants) in southeastern Türkiye. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p xylene, o xylene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene were measured at eight passive sampling points in each plant. Samples were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector and a thermal desorption. The concentration of <span>\\({\\sum }_{6}\\text{VOC}\\)</span> ranged from 5.03 to 88.43 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in the Nusaybin Plant and from 7.70 to 154.35 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in the Egil Plant. Toluene and xylenes were predominant in both plants. In the Nusaybin Plant, VOCs were mainly associated with crude oil production, while in the Egil Plant, they were associated with a combination of crude oil production and mobile vehicle activities. The OFP of <span>\\({\\sum }_{6}\\text{VOC}\\)</span> was 297.47 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in the Nusaybin Plant, and 249.25 μg/m<sup>3</sup> in the Egil Plant. M + p xylene, toluene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene together contributed 86% and 84% of the total OFP in the Nusaybin and Egil plants, respectively. Benzene exposure posed a possible cancer risk to oil workers in both plants. Non-cancer health risk was at a potential level in the Egil Plant but negligible in the Nusaybin Plant. This study is expected to enhance knowledge regarding the effects of crude oil production plants on air quality and workplace exposure.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\n<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-024-13494-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were investigated to determine their characteristics, Ozone Formation Potentials (OFPs), and health risks in two crude oil production plants (Nusaybin and Egil plants) in southeastern Türkiye. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p xylene, o xylene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene were measured at eight passive sampling points in each plant. Samples were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization detector and a thermal desorption. The concentration of \({\sum }_{6}\text{VOC}\) ranged from 5.03 to 88.43 μg/m³ in the Nusaybin Plant and from 7.70 to 154.35 μg/m³ in the Egil Plant. Toluene and xylenes were predominant in both plants. In the Nusaybin Plant, VOCs were mainly associated with crude oil production, while in the Egil Plant, they were associated with a combination of crude oil production and mobile vehicle activities. The OFP of \({\sum }_{6}\text{VOC}\) was 297.47 μg/m³ in the Nusaybin Plant, and 249.25 μg/m³ in the Egil Plant. M + p xylene, toluene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene together contributed 86% and 84% of the total OFP in the Nusaybin and Egil plants, respectively. Benzene exposure posed a possible cancer risk to oil workers in both plants. Non-cancer health risk was at a potential level in the Egil Plant but negligible in the Nusaybin Plant. This study is expected to enhance knowledge regarding the effects of crude oil production plants on air quality and workplace exposure.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

俄罗斯东南部两个原油生产厂大气挥发性有机化合物的评价

对图尔基耶东南部的两家原油生产厂（Nusaybin 和 Egil 工厂）的环境挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 进行了调查，以确定其特性、臭氧形成潜能值 (OFP) 和健康风险。在每个工厂的八个被动采样点测量了苯、甲苯、乙苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯和 1,3,5 三甲苯。样品使用气相色谱法结合火焰离子化检测器和热解吸附进行分析。努赛宾工厂的 \({\sum }_{6}\text{VOC}\) 浓度在 5.03 至 88.43 μg/m3 之间，埃吉尔工厂的 \({\sum }_{6}\text{VOC}\) 浓度在 7.70 至 154.35 μg/m3 之间。这两家工厂主要排放甲苯和二甲苯。在 Nusaybin 工厂，挥发性有机化合物主要与原油生产有关，而在 Egil 工厂，挥发性有机化合物则与原油生产和移动车辆活动有关。努赛宾工厂的 \({\sum }_{6}\text{VOC}\) OFP 为 297.47 μg/m3 ，埃吉尔工厂为 249.25 μg/m3。二甲苯、甲苯和 1,3,5-三甲苯合计分别占努赛宾工厂和埃吉尔工厂 OFP 总量的 86% 和 84%。接触苯可能会对这两家工厂的石油工人造成致癌风险。埃吉尔工厂的非癌症健康风险处于潜在水平，而努赛宾工厂则可以忽略不计。这项研究有望增进人们对原油生产厂对空气质量和工作场所接触影响的了解。图表摘要

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

6.70%

发文量

1000

审稿时长

7.3 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Monitoring and Assessment emphasizes technical developments and data arising from environmental monitoring and assessment, the use of scientific principles in the design of monitoring systems at the local, regional and global scales, and the use of monitoring data in assessing the consequences of natural resource management actions and pollution risks to man and the environment.