Assessing the impact of railway noise on human health and daily life: a structural equation model approach for transportation and environmental planning

Abstract

Rapid urbanization has led to unplanned settlements near railway lines, exposing residents to continuous noise pollution with potential adverse effects on health. This study focuses on the environmental monitoring and assessment of railway noise pollution in urban areas and its impact on human health and daily activities. Noise levels were quantified across different residential zones using precise sound level meters, and a detailed human perception survey was conducted to assess the relationship between noise exposure, annoyance, and health disturbances. By employing structural equation modelling (SEM), the study integrates environmental monitoring data with epidemiological and health data to assess the risk of noise pollution to individuals residing near railway lines. The results indicate that railway noise frequently exceeds regulatory limits, with passenger trains contributing more significantly to pollution than freight trains. The findings also reveal that noise exposure is a significant predictor of annoyance and health effects, with proximity to the railway line being a critical factor. The study emphasizes the need for improved noise monitoring systems and risk assessment strategies in transportation planning to mitigate health risks. These insights contribute to the development of sustainable noise management practices and the design of more efficient monitoring systems, enhancing the understanding of pollution risks at both individual and population levels.