Selective And Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Trace Level Al (III) Ions in Water by Antipyrine Schiff’s Base-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

IF 2.7 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Electrocatalysis Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1007/s12678-024-00899-2

Md Zainul Abedeen, Priya Yadav, Manish Sharma, Lalita Yadav, Priya Sharma, Himmat Singh Kushwaha, Ragini Gupta

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Abstract

Abundant use of aluminum cookware and treatment of high fluoride-containing water with aluminum salts results in the discharge of aluminum ions into water bodies and food items, causing harmful effects on human health. Herein, an electrochemical sensor for sensing the Al (III) ions by modification of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with Schiff’s base ligand as an electrocatalyst and activated charcoal as an electro-conductive material is being reported. The response is recorded via Square wave voltammetry (SWV) for the modified GCE, resulting in a characteristic peak at potential 0.4 V due to the interaction of the Al (III) ions with the electrocatalyst. The peak current intensity increases linearly in the concentration range from 0.1 – 50 µM (R² = 0.994), and the detection limit of 45 nM (S/N = 3) was calculated. DFT calculation reveals that the energy gap between the HOMO and LUMO decreases from 0.551 eV to 0.303 eV after the complexation of the ligand with the Al (III) ions indicating the stability enhancement after complex formation. Common interfering agents do not significantly change in the peak current intensity, demonstrating excellent selectivity. Spiking Al (III) ions in tap and river water checked practical applicability, which gave satisfactory recovery results.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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安替比林席夫碱修饰玻碳电极选择性灵敏电化学检测水中痕量Al （III）离子

铝制炊具的大量使用和用铝盐处理含氟量高的水会导致铝离子排入水体和食品中，对人体健康造成危害。本文报告了一种电化学传感器，它以希夫碱配体为电催化剂，以活性炭为导电材料，对玻璃碳电极（GCE）进行改性，从而感测铝（III）离子。通过方波伏安法（SWV）记录了改性 GCE 的反应，由于 Al (III) 离子与电催化剂的相互作用，在 0.4 V 电位处产生了一个特征峰。峰值电流强度在 0.1 - 50 µM 的浓度范围内线性增加（R2 = 0.994），计算得出检测限为 45 nM（S/N = 3）。DFT 计算显示，配体与 Al (III) 离子络合后，HOMO 和 LUMO 之间的能隙从 0.551 eV 减小到 0.303 eV，表明络合物形成后稳定性增强。普通干扰剂不会明显改变峰值电流强度，这表明了极佳的选择性。在自来水和河水中添加铝（III）离子检验了该方法的实用性，结果令人满意。

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来源期刊

Electrocatalysis CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-ELECTROCHEMISTRY

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

6.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Electrocatalysis is cross-disciplinary in nature, and attracts the interest of chemists, physicists, biochemists, surface and materials scientists, and engineers. Electrocatalysis provides the unique international forum solely dedicated to the exchange of novel ideas in electrocatalysis for academic, government, and industrial researchers. Quick publication of new results, concepts, and inventions made involving Electrocatalysis stimulates scientific discoveries and breakthroughs, promotes the scientific and engineering concepts that are critical to the development of novel electrochemical technologies. Electrocatalysis publishes original submissions in the form of letters, research papers, review articles, book reviews, and educational papers. Letters are preliminary reports that communicate new and important findings. Regular research papers are complete reports of new results, and their analysis and discussion. Review articles critically and constructively examine development in areas of electrocatalysis that are of broad interest and importance. Educational papers discuss important concepts whose understanding is vital to advances in theoretical and experimental aspects of electrochemical reactions.