A case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following the use of chenopodium album L.

Abstract

Introduction: Chenopodium album, commonly known as "lambsquarters," is a plant consumed as food and used in traditional medicine. Its popularity is increasing due to the belief that it has fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. However, its use can lead to acute or chronic poisoning. The growing interest in herbal remedies, along with uncontrolled usage and disregard for expert recommendations, contributes to adverse effects.

Case presentation: A 68-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and flank pain following the use of lambsquarters. Impaired kidney function was detected in the patient. A biopsy performed after Chenopodium album usage led to the diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). The patient responded positively to corticosteroid and hemodialysis treatment.

Discussion: Caution is necessary in the use of herbal medicines and traditional treatments. A thorough evaluation of factors such as patients' nutritional status, herbal product usage, medication history, and genetic background is crucial. Chenopodium album can cause tubulointerstitial nephritis, resulting in kidney damage. Similarly, heavy metal poisoning through herbal products can lead to kidney damage. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and treatment process can contribute to better patient management.

Conclusion: This case presents a rare instance of tubulointerstitial nephritis developed due to the use of herbal products. Physicians should inquire about patients' history of exogenous substance use and conduct a comprehensive assessment, keeping such situations in mind. Conscious use of herbal medicines and traditional treatments can help prevent serious complications like kidney damage.