Collective wellbeing sacrifices versus superior ego - perspectives on adherence to COVID-19 recommendations in Stockholm, Sweden.

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sweden adopted a recommendation-based approach rather than strict lockdowns. This approach relies on public willingness to adhere to guidelines and motivations for prosocial behaviour. This study aimed to explore the motivations behind adherence or non-adherence to COVID-19 recommendations in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2022 with 20 participants aged 26 to 63, all residing and working in Stockholm. The interviews were conducted via online platforms, Teams and Zoom, transcribed and analysed using content analysis. The analysis yielded two overarching themes that motivated adherence or non-adherence, Sacrificing comfort for collective wellbeing and A sense of being superior and able to handle national recommendations in your own way derived from six categories: (i) Social pressure and the desire to appear prosocial, (ii) Embracing a new reality as a means to return to normalcy, (iii) The absence of punitive measures for non-adherence, (iv) Creating safe environments and circumventing the system, (v) Negotiating which recommendations to follow and (vi) Diminished adherence over time. Adherence to public health recommendations was driven by social pressure and a desire to protect loved ones, often requiring personal sacrifices and behavioural adjustments. Conversely, non-adherence stemmed from a sense of autonomy, mental well-being preservation and tiredness, highlighting the challenges of sustaining compliance over time.