Risk Factors for Suicide in Pakistan: A Mixed Methods Study of Psychological Autopsies and Perspectives of Health Professionals.

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Archives of Suicide Research Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI:10.1080/13811118.2024.2436635

Syeda Ayat-E-Zainab Ali, Tamkeen Saleem, S M Yasir Arafat

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Suicide is a significant but understudied public health concern in developing nations like Pakistan, where risks factors have not been investigated by mixed methods studies. Hence, we aimed to explore the risk factors for suicide based on a mixed methodology.

Methods: This study followed a mixed methods convergent component design. A retrospective case-control psychological autopsy with a semistructured interview protocol was performed. Additionally, health professionals' opinions on the psychiatric risk factors for suicide were assessed through qualitative interviews. Data were collected between 2021 and 2022 and analyzed by SPSS (V-25) and thematic analysis (NVIVO-12 Plus).

Results: Based on the mixed methods meta-inferences, suicidal ideation; depression; hopelessness; social isolation; previous history of self-harm and traumatic experiences; lack of motivation; purposelessness; feeling like a burden; substance abuse; impulsivity; anger; anxiety; psychiatric disorders such as personality disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, gaming addiction, and eating disorders; and family history of psychiatric illness were identified as risk factors for suicide.

Conclusion: More must be learned about the mental health components contributing to suicide and the culturally appropriate prevention methods used in Pakistan. This study reveals novel targets for suicide prevention and may aid policymaking by providing a better understanding of predictors and specific psychiatric characteristics of suicide in Pakistan.

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巴基斯坦自杀的危险因素：心理解剖和卫生专业人员观点的混合方法研究。

背景：在巴基斯坦等发展中国家，自杀是一个重要但研究不足的公共卫生问题，这些国家的危险因素尚未通过混合方法研究进行调查。因此，我们的目的是在混合方法的基础上探讨自杀的危险因素。方法：本研究采用混合方法收敛组件设计。采用半结构化访谈方案进行回顾性病例-对照心理解剖。此外，透过质性访谈，评估卫生专业人员对自杀精神危险因素的看法。数据收集于2021年至2022年，并通过SPSS （V-25）和专题分析（NVIVO-12 Plus）进行分析。结果：基于混合方法的元推断，自杀意念；抑郁症;绝望;社会隔离;有自残史和创伤经历；缺乏动力；无目的;感觉像负担；药物滥用;冲动;愤怒;焦虑;精神疾病，如人格障碍、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症、游戏成瘾和饮食失调；精神疾病家族史被认为是自杀的危险因素。结论：必须更多地了解导致自杀的心理健康因素以及在巴基斯坦使用的文化上适当的预防方法。这项研究揭示了自杀预防的新目标，并可能通过更好地了解巴基斯坦自杀的预测因素和特定的精神特征来帮助政策制定。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Archives of Suicide Research Multiple-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

7.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： Archives of Suicide Research, the official journal of the International Academy of Suicide Research (IASR), is the international journal in the field of suicidology. The journal features original, refereed contributions on the study of suicide, suicidal behavior, its causes and effects, and techniques for prevention. The journal incorporates research-based and theoretical articles contributed by a diverse range of authors interested in investigating the biological, pharmacological, psychiatric, psychological, and sociological aspects of suicide.