Insights into artificial intelligence and our intelligence-on the frontier of lung cancer screening.

Abstract

This paper explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in lung cancer screening programs, particularly in the interpretation of computed tomography (CT) scans. The authors acknowledge the benefits of AI, including faster and potentially more accurate analysis of scans, but also raise concerns about clinician trust, transparency, and the deskilling of radiologists due to decreased scan exposure. The rise of AI in medicine and the introduction of national lung cancer screening programs are both increasing contemporarily and naturally the overlap and interplay between the two in the future is ensured. The paper highlights the importance of human-AI collaboration, emphasizing the need for interpretable models and ongoing validation through clinical trials. The promising results and problems uncovered the current pilot studies is explored. Building trust with patients and clinicians is also crucial, considering factors like disease risk perception and the human element of patient interaction. The authors conclude that while AI offers significant promise, widespread adoption hinges on addressing ethical considerations and ensuring a balanced, synergistic relationship between AI and medical professionals. This report aims to provide a talking point to inspire conversations around, and prepare clinicians for the rapidly approaching frontier that is AI in healthcare.