A nationwide survey of antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi.

IF 3.7 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance Pub Date : 2024-12-12 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1093/jacamr/dlae200

Pilirani Chisembe, Masato Suzuki, Duc Trung Dao, Gilson Njunga, Joseph Nkhoma, Lecollins Mthilakuwili, Ryo Kinoshita-Daitoku, Eisuke Kuroda, Kouji Kimura, Keigo Shibayama

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Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health challenge with profound implications across sectors. Livestock, a significant field at the One Health interface, lacks sufficient information, particularly in low-resource settings such as Malawi.

Objectives: We determined the antimicrobial resistance rates of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Malawi and explored the relationship between resistance genes across sectors using genomic analysis.

Methods: In 2023, we isolated 115 E. coli strains from 116 faecal and caecal samples from broiler chickens across Malawi. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using agar dilution method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using Illumina sequencing.

Results: Notably, 50 isolates (44%) were resistant to cefotaxime. We detected ESBL bla _CTX-M genes (bla _CTX-M-55, bla _CTX-M-14, bla _CTX-M-65, bla _CTX-M-27, bla _CTX-M-15, bla _CTX-M-1, and bla _CTX-M-3) in 48 cefotaxime-resistant isolates, which exhibited higher resistance rates to levofloxacin than non-ESBL-encoding isolates (29/48; 60% versus 20/67; 30%). All isolates were susceptible to colistin and carbapenems. High resistance rates were observed for tetracycline and co-trimoxazole commonly used in broiler chickens (90% and 70%, respectively). Sequence type 206 and phylogroup A were predominant (14% and 65%, respectively). In the genetic context of bla _CTX-M genes, whole-genome alignment of the ESBL-producing isolates with reference plasmids from E. coli of various origins indicated significant similarity.

Conclusions: Antimicrobial resistance is highly prevalent among E. coli from broiler chickens in Malawi. Genomic analysis suggests potential transmission pathways for ESBL genes across sectors, necessitating further studies from One Health perspective.

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马拉维肉鸡分离的大肠杆菌抗微生物药物耐药性的全国性调查。

背景：抗微生物药物耐药性是一项全球卫生挑战，对各个部门都有深远影响。畜牧业是“同一健康”界面的一个重要领域，但缺乏足够的信息，特别是在马拉维等资源匮乏的环境中。目的：我们确定了马拉维肉鸡分离的大肠杆菌的抗菌素耐药率，并利用基因组分析探讨了不同部门耐药基因之间的关系。方法：2023年，我们从马拉维116份肉鸡粪便和盲肠样本中分离出115株大肠杆菌。根据临床实验室标准协会的指南，采用琼脂稀释法进行抗菌药敏试验。全基因组测序采用Illumina测序。结果：50株（44%）对头孢噻肟耐药。我们在48株头孢噻肟耐药菌株中检测到ESBL bla CTX-M基因（bla CTX-M-55、bla CTX-M-14、bla CTX-M-65、bla CTX-M-27、bla CTX-M-15、bla CTX-M-1和bla CTX-M-3），这些菌株对左旋氟沙星的耐药率高于非ESBL编码菌株(29/48；60% vs 20/67；30%)。所有分离株均对粘菌素和碳青霉烯类敏感。肉鸡对常用四环素和复方新诺明的耐药率分别为90%和70%。序列型206和系统群A占优势（分别占14%和65%）。在bla CTX-M基因的遗传背景下，产esbl的分离株与来自不同来源的大肠杆菌的参比质粒的全基因组比对显示出显著的相似性。结论：马拉维肉鸡大肠杆菌对抗菌素的耐药性非常普遍。基因组分析提示了ESBL基因跨部门的潜在传播途径，需要从“一个健康”的角度进一步研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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