“Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastics Caused Hepatotoxicity in Mice Can be Prevented by Betaine: Molecular and Immunohistochemical Insights”

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Nehal A. Kamel, Dina W. Bashir, Ebtihal M. M. EL-Leithy, Adel F. Tohamy, Maha M. Rashad, Ghada E. Ali, Abdel Aleem A. El-Saba
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Abstract

Polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics (PET-NPs) are one of the most frequently distributed nanoplastics in daily life. Betaine is thought to be a promising hepatoprotective agent. The current investigation focused on whether orally administered PET-NPs caused hepatotoxicity and ameliorative effect of betaine. Forty adult male Swiss albino mice were randomly split into four groups: group I control, group II betaine (1000 mg/kg I/P), group III PET-NPs (200 mg/kg orally), and group IV betaine plus PET-NPs at doses similar to group II& III respectively. After 30 days, blood sample were collected then animals were euthanized and liver specimens were dissected out for biochemical and histopathological examination. PET-NPs induced a significant elevation in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as an increase in the inflammatory genes a proto-oncogene (c-FOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) (p ≤ 0.05), with a substantial decrease in glutathione (GSH) (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, on the level of histopathological analysis PET-NPs caused alterations in hepatic tissue architecture as vascular dilatation and congestion with hepatocytes degeneration, bile duct epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltrations While on the level of immunohistochemistry, PET-NPs trigger positive tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ҠB) expression in comparison to control. Meanwhile, betaine treatment reduced the deleterious effects of PET-NPs. To summarize, PET-NPs may cause hepatotoxicity in mice, with a belief that betaine could mitigate the detrimental impact.

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纳米塑料引起的小鼠肝毒性可以由甜菜碱预防:分子和免疫组织化学的见解。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯纳米塑料(PET-NPs)是日常生活中最常见的纳米塑料之一。甜菜碱被认为是一种很有前途的肝保护剂。目前的研究主要集中在口服PET-NPs是否引起甜菜碱的肝毒性和改善作用。将40只成年雄性瑞士白化小鼠随机分为4组:ⅰ组为对照,ⅱ组为甜菜碱(1000 mg/kg I/P),ⅲ组为PET-NPs (200 mg/kg口服),ⅳ组为甜菜碱加PET-NPs,剂量分别与ⅱ组和ⅲ组相当。30 d后采血,处死动物,取肝脏标本进行生化和组织病理学检查。PET-NPs诱导丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)和丙二醛(MDA)显著升高,炎性基因a原癌基因(c-FOS)和环氧化酶2 (COX2)显著升高(p≤0.05),谷胱甘肽(GSH)显著降低(p≤0.05)。此外,在组织病理学分析水平上,PET-NPs引起肝组织结构的改变,如血管扩张和充血,肝细胞变性,胆管上皮增生和炎症细胞浸润。在免疫组织化学水平上,PET-NPs与对照组相比,引发肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)和核因子- κ B (NF-ҠB)的阳性表达。同时,甜菜碱处理降低了PET-NPs的有害作用。总之,PET-NPs可能导致小鼠肝毒性,相信甜菜碱可以减轻这种有害影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
277
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology is an international journal that contains original research papers, rapid communications, mini-reviews, and book reviews, all focusing on the molecular mechanisms of action and detoxication of exogenous and endogenous chemicals and toxic agents. The scope includes effects on the organism at all stages of development, on organ systems, tissues, and cells as well as on enzymes, receptors, hormones, and genes. The biochemical and molecular aspects of uptake, transport, storage, excretion, lactivation and detoxication of drugs, agricultural, industrial and environmental chemicals, natural products and food additives are all subjects suitable for publication. Of particular interest are aspects of molecular biology related to biochemical toxicology. These include studies of the expression of genes related to detoxication and activation enzymes, toxicants with modes of action involving effects on nucleic acids, gene expression and protein synthesis, and the toxicity of products derived from biotechnology.
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