Probiotic Bacillus cereus regulates metabolic disorders and activates the cholic acid-FXR axis to alleviate DSS-induced colitis

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by severe imbalance of intestinal flora and metabolic disorders. Recent studies have demonstrated that probiotics can effectively alleviate inflammatory bowel disease by restoring the intestinal flora structure and modulating the immune response. However, the role of probiotics in regulating intestinal metabolism disorders is still unclear. This study explores the role of probiotic B. cereus in alleviating DSS-induced colitis. The findings indicated probiotic B. cereus treatment mitigated tissue damage and apoptosis during inflammation. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis revealed B. cereus activated the cholic acid-FXR axis by increasing cholic acid levels, which promoted the gene expression level of NF-κB inhibitor α, reduced the IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α concentrations. Furthermore, it effectively mitigated the DSS-induced disruption of bile acid metabolism, arginine metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. This study explores the effect and mechanisms of probiotic B. cereus on alleviating DSS-induced colitis. It aims to provide a theoretical basis for microbial therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.

Significance

This study used metabolome and transcriptome to reveal the roles and mechanisms, which probiotic Bacillus cereus modulates metabolic disorders and alleviate DSS-induced colitis. We identified the cholic acid-FXR axis as an important target for alleviating DSS-induced colitis. These findings provide new insights into microbial treatment strategies for IBD.