Accurate Tide Monitoring Using Shipborne GNSS-R Phase Altimetry: A Case Study

Yunqiao He;Fan Gao;Tianhe Xu;Xinyue Meng;Nazi Wang
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Abstract

Tidal information is a valuable parameter for scientific studies and navigational safety. Despite traditional tide stations and satellite altimeters, shipborne Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) altimeters can provide an alternative method for instantaneous measurements. However, due to ship hydrodynamics and draft variations, especially for large vessels, the baseline between the GNSS positioning antenna and the sea surface is always unavailable or less accurate. This case study presents a novel ship-based altimetry method using GNSS-R phase altimetry, which is capable of accurately monitoring tidal information on a moving ship platform. The delay difference between the direct and reflected GNSS paths is obtained from the signal phase difference generated by open-loop tracking through a software-defined receiver. Spectral analysis was used to further solve the integer ambiguity problem of phase measurements, and then, accurate tidal information was obtained based on high-precision GNSS positioning. To evaluate the performance of the system, a case study of a shipborne experiment was conducted. The results show that the ship-based GNSS-R altimetry system can accurately measure the sea surface height variation. The root-mean-squared error (RMSE) is within 3.0 cm compared to the in situ value. This case study demonstrates the potential of ship-borne GNSS-R phase altimetry as an effective and accurate method for tidal monitoring in dynamic maritime environments.
基于船载GNSS-R相位测高的精确潮汐监测:一个案例研究
潮汐信息是科学研究和航行安全的重要参数。除了传统的潮汐站和卫星高度计之外,船载全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)高度计可以提供一种替代的瞬时测量方法。然而,由于船舶的水动力和吃水变化,特别是对于大型船舶,GNSS定位天线与海面之间的基线总是不可用或不太准确。本文提出了一种基于GNSS-R相位测高的船舶测高方法,该方法能够在移动的船舶平台上精确监测潮汐信息。直接GNSS路径和反射GNSS路径之间的延迟差是通过软件定义的接收机进行开环跟踪产生的信号相位差来获得的。利用频谱分析进一步解决相位测量的整数模糊问题,获得基于高精度GNSS定位的准确潮汐信息。为了评估该系统的性能,进行了船载试验。结果表明,舰载GNSS-R测高系统能够准确测量海面高度变化。与原位值相比,均方根误差(RMSE)在3.0 cm以内。本案例研究证明了船载GNSS-R相位测高作为动态海洋环境中有效而准确的潮汐监测方法的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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