Dynamic modeling of antibody repertoire reshaping in response to viral infections.

IF 7 2区 医学 Q1 BIOLOGY
Computers in biology and medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.109475
Zhaobin Xu, Qingzhi Peng, Junxiao Xu, Hongmei Zhang, Jian Song, Dongqing Wei, Qiangcheng Zeng
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Abstract

For decades, research has largely focused on the generation of high-affinity, antigen-specific antibodies during viral infections. This emphasis has made it challenging for immunologists to systematically evaluate the mechanisms initiating humoral immunity in specific immune responses. In this study, we employ ordinary differential equations (ODE) to investigate the dynamic reshaping of the entire antibody repertoire in response to viral infections. Our findings demonstrate that the host's antibody atlas undergoes significant restructuring during these infections by the selective expansion of antibody pools with strong binding activity. The simulation results indicate that the ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) outcomes do not directly reflect the levels of specific neutralizing antibodies, but rather represent a quantitative response of the reshaped antibody repertoire following infection. Our model transcends traditional theories of immune memory, providing an explanation for the sustained presence of specific antibodies in the human body in long term. Additionally, our model extends to explore the mechanistic basis of the original antigenic sin, providing practical applications of our framework. One important application of this model is that it indicates that antibodies with a faster forward binding rate are more effective in preventing and treating associated viral infections compared to those with higher binding affinity.

响应病毒感染的抗体库重塑的动态建模。
几十年来,研究主要集中在病毒感染期间产生高亲和力的抗原特异性抗体。这种强调使得免疫学家系统地评估特异性免疫反应中启动体液免疫的机制具有挑战性。在这项研究中,我们采用常微分方程(ODE)来研究整个抗体库在响应病毒感染时的动态重塑。我们的研究结果表明,在这些感染中,宿主的抗体图谱通过选择性地扩大具有强结合活性的抗体池而经历了重大的重组。模拟结果表明,ELISA(酶联免疫吸附试验)结果不能直接反映特异性中和抗体的水平,而是代表感染后重塑抗体库的定量反应。我们的模型超越了传统的免疫记忆理论,为特异性抗体在人体内的长期持续存在提供了解释。此外,我们的模型扩展到探索原始抗原sin的机制基础,为我们的框架提供实际应用。该模型的一个重要应用是,它表明与具有更高结合亲和力的抗体相比,具有更快的正向结合率的抗体在预防和治疗相关病毒感染方面更有效。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Computers in biology and medicine
Computers in biology and medicine 工程技术-工程:生物医学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
10.40%
发文量
1086
审稿时长
74 days
期刊介绍: Computers in Biology and Medicine is an international forum for sharing groundbreaking advancements in the use of computers in bioscience and medicine. This journal serves as a medium for communicating essential research, instruction, ideas, and information regarding the rapidly evolving field of computer applications in these domains. By encouraging the exchange of knowledge, we aim to facilitate progress and innovation in the utilization of computers in biology and medicine.
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