Dietary enrichment and feed preferences of threatened goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in captivity

Abstract

Arid-adapted ungulates species, such as gazelles, have faced tremendous population declines in recent decades. Numerous breeding stations were established across Asia and the Middle East to facilitate the captive breeding of endangered gazelle species. We intended to improve the feed quality of goitered gazelle (Gazella subguttorosa) in captivity at the Kızılkuyu Gazelle Breeding Station in Şanlıurfa Province in southern Turkey. In a feed choice experiment, five different types of supplementary feed were offered to the gazelles (black barley, white barley, forage wheat, white barley flake and a combination of black barley and white barley flake). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between the amount of feed types consumed. The mixture of black barley and white barley flake was the most preferred feed type. Black barley alone was the least preferred feed type, while white barley flake was the second most consumed feed, suggesting that white barley flake was particularly attractive to the gazelles. However, nutrient content analysis revealed no significant difference between feed types. When feed consumption was examined between sampling days, a significant difference was unravelled between day 1, 2, 8 and day 3–7. Results were discussed with respect to improving the gastro-intestinal health of captive gazelles, which is imperative when choosing suitable individuals for reintroduction, which should be in good physical condition to increase the chances for survival in the wild.