Family characteristics and loneliness among older adults: evidence from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil).

Karla Geovani Silva Marcelino, Luciana de Souza Braga, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Juliana Lustosa Torres
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between family characteristics concerning partners and children and loneliness among Brazilians aged 50 and over, taking into account both the occurrence of loneliness and its severity levels.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 7,163 participants in the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging, a nationally representative study conducted in 2019-2021. Loneliness was assessed using the 3-item University of California Loneliness Scale. Family characteristics included: marital status and living with the partner and presence of children and living with them. Statistical analysis employed Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial regression models, allowing the assessment of the outcome in both dichotomous and counting-based forms.

Results: Only family characteristics related to the partner were associated with loneliness prevalence, whether in a living-apart-together arrangement (PR=0.35; 95%CI 0.23-0.53) or cohabiting (PR=0.37; 95%CI 0.30-0.45). Family characteristics concerning the partner [cohabiting (PR=0.80; 95% CI 0.73-0.88)] and children [non-cohabiting (PR=0.86; 95%CI 0.77-0.95) or cohabiting (PR=0.81; 95%CI 0.72-0,92)] were negatively associated with loneliness levels.

Conclusion: Family characteristics play a crucial role in both preventing loneliness and reducing its levels. Public services for improving social support should target older adults with reduced nuclear families.

老年人的家庭特征与孤独感:巴西老龄化纵向研究(ELSI-Brazil)提供的证据。
目的调查巴西 50 岁及以上人群中有关伴侣和子女的家庭特征与孤独感之间的关系,同时考虑孤独感的发生率及其严重程度:这项横断面研究使用了巴西老龄化纵向研究第二波(2019-2021 年进行的一项具有全国代表性的研究)中 7,163 名参与者的数据。孤独感采用加州大学孤独感量表的 3 个项目进行评估。家庭特征包括:婚姻状况、与伴侣同住情况、有无子女及与子女同住情况。统计分析采用零膨胀负二项回归模型,以二分法和计数法两种形式对结果进行评估:结果:只有与伴侣有关的家庭特征与孤独感的发生率相关,无论是分居(PR=0.35;95%CI 0.23-0.53)还是同居(PR=0.37;95%CI 0.30-0.45)。与伴侣[同居(PR=0.80;95%CI 0.73-0.88)]和子女[非同居(PR=0.86;95%CI 0.77-0.95)或同居(PR=0.81;95%CI 0.72-0.92)]有关的家庭特征与孤独程度呈负相关:结论:家庭特征在预防孤独感和降低孤独感水平方面都起着至关重要的作用。结论:家庭特征在预防孤独感和降低孤独感水平方面都起着至关重要的作用。改善社会支持的公共服务应针对核心家庭减少的老年人。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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