Efficacy and in vitro pharmacological assessment of novel N-hydroxypyridinediones as hepatitis B virus ribonuclease H inhibitors.

IF 4.1 2区 医学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Molly E Woodson, Holly F Walden, M Abdul Mottaleb, Maria Makri, Georgia-Myrto Prifti, Dimitrios Moianos, Vasiliki Pardali, Grigoris Zoidis, John E Tavis
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Abstract

We previously reported N-hydroxypyridinedione (HPD) compounds with mid-nanomolar efficacy and selectivity indexes around 300 against hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. However, they lack pharmacological evaluation. Here, we report in vitro anti-HBV efficacy, cytotoxicity, and pharmacological characterization of 29 novel HPDs within seven subgroups. The best two compounds had EC50s of 61 and 190 nM and selectivity indexes of 526 and 1,071. Compounds with one halogen on the major R group were most effective and compounds with large ether R groups were most cytotoxic. Compounds were not cytotoxic in primary human hepatocytes. All compounds were freely soluble in pHs reflecting plasma (7.4) and the gastrointestinal tract (5 and 6.5). Almost all highly soluble compounds were passively permeable at pH 5.0 and 7.4. Only 2 of 11 compounds tested were likely to be effluxed by p-glycoprotein. The most potent HPDs inhibited HBV replication over human ribonuclease H1 activity by 10-fold. Four of 19 compounds inhibited CYP2D6 >50%, but their CYP2D6 IC50s were >8× higher than their anti-HBV EC50. No compound substantially inhibited CYP3A4. Thirteen of 15 compounds had human microsomal half-lives >30 min with medium to low rates of intrinsic clearance. Eleven of 12 compounds bound plasma proteins by ≥80%; however, effects against HBV replication for only one would likely be physiologically relevant. These results identify two lead candidate HPDs with pharmacological characteristics resembling commercially available drugs that are suitable for in vivo pharmacological and efficacy studies.

新型 N-羟基吡啶二酮作为乙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸酶 H 抑制剂的功效和体外药理学评估。
我们以前曾报道过一些 N-羟基吡啶二酮(HPD)化合物,它们对乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)复制具有中等纳摩尔效力和 300 左右的选择性指数。然而,它们缺乏药理学评估。在此,我们报告了七个亚组中 29 种新型 HPD 的体外抗 HBV 药效、细胞毒性和药理学特征。最好的两种化合物的 EC50 分别为 61 和 190 nM,选择性指数分别为 526 和 1071。主要 R 基上带有一个卤素的化合物最有效,而带有大的醚 R 基的化合物细胞毒性最强。这些化合物对原代人类肝细胞没有细胞毒性。所有化合物都能自由溶解于 pH 值为 7.4 的血浆和 pH 值为 5 和 6.5 的胃肠道中。几乎所有高溶解性化合物在 pH 值为 5.0 和 7.4 时都具有被动渗透性。在测试的 11 种化合物中,只有 2 种可能会被 p-糖蛋白外排。药效最强的 HPD 抑制 HBV 复制的能力是人类核糖核酸酶 H1 活性的 10 倍。19 种化合物中有 4 种对 CYP2D6 的抑制率大于 50%,但它们的 CYP2D6 IC50 比抗 HBV EC50 高 8 倍以上。没有化合物对 CYP3A4 有实质性抑制作用。15 种化合物中有 13 种的人体微粒体半衰期大于 30 分钟,内在清除率为中低水平。12 种化合物中有 11 种与血浆蛋白的结合率≥80%;然而,只有一种化合物对 HBV 复制的抑制作用可能与生理相关。这些结果确定了两种候选 HPD,它们的药理特征与市售药物相似,适合进行体内药理和药效研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.00
自引率
8.20%
发文量
762
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (AAC) features interdisciplinary studies that build our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic applications of antimicrobial and antiparasitic agents and chemotherapy.
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