Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B using a reusable and magnetically separable Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO nanocomposite synthesized through green approach utilizing plant leaf extracts

IF 6.7 3区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Nugraheni Puspita Rini , Zurnansyah , Dyah Ayu Larasati , Larrisa Jestha Mahardhika , Putri Dwi Jayanti , Hafil Perdana Kusumah , Nurul Imani Istiqomah , Rivaldo Marsel Tumbelaka , Nining Sumawati Asri , Julia Angel , Takeshi Kato , Daiki Oshima , Hasniah Aliah , Ahmad Kusumaatmaja , Edi Suharyadi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

We propose the magnetically separable, green synthesis of Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO using a higher mass ratio of Fe3O4/rGO and varying ZnO concentration to degrade an aqueous solution of Rhodamin B under Fenton reaction and UV light irradiation. Fe3O4 had been synthesized under the coprecipitation method utilizing Moringa oleifera leaf, while rGO had been fabricated by sonicating GO utilizing Amaranthus viridis leaf. Afterward, Fe3O4/rGO was composited under a facile method with a mass ratio of 5:5. And the last, Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO was green-synthesized through precipitation method using Amaranthus viridis leaf with various molarity ratio of Fe3O4/rGO: ZnO equal to 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of Fe3O4 and ZnO phases, while Raman spectroscopy confirmed the successful reduction of GO to rGO. The morphological analysis demonstrated that the particles were nearly spherical, nonuniform, and slightly dispersed, with some agglomeration observed on the rGO sheets. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identified metallic functional groups, including Fe–O and Zn–O, at 524–570 cm−1 and 447–462 cm−1, respectively. However, redshift absorption and band gap narrowing were observed as the ZnO concentration increased. Photoluminescence analysis revealed that increased ZnO concentration reduces recombination and improves charge separation efficiency. The vibrating sample magnetometer exhibited soft magnetic properties. The magnetization of Fe3O4/rGO saturated at 21.7 emu/g and diminished as incorporated ZnO. The photodegradation increased with the increase of ZnO concentration, reaching its optimum at 1:5, about 89.9%. Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO demonstrates a possible ecologically friendly photocatalyst for wastewater remediation. The photocatalyst can be reused for up to three cycles with no significant change in its performance. Scavenger evaluation indicates that electrons and holes are the predominant reactive species in the photocatalytic reaction involving Fe₃O₄/rGO/ZnO.
利用植物叶提取物通过绿色方法合成的可重复使用且磁性可分离的 Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO 纳米复合材料光催化降解罗丹明 B
我们提出了可磁性分离的 Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO 绿色合成方法,利用较高的 Fe3O4/rGO 质量比和不同浓度的 ZnO,在芬顿反应和紫外光照射下降解罗丹明 B 水溶液。Fe3O4是利用Moringa oleifera叶片通过共沉淀法合成的,而rGO则是利用Amaranthus viridis叶片通过超声GO制备的。随后,Fe3O4/rGO 以 5:5 的质量比通过简便的方法合成。最后,利用苋菜叶通过沉淀法绿色合成了 Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO,Fe3O4/rGO:ZnO 的不同摩尔比分别为 1:1、1:2、1:3、1:4 和 1:5。X 射线衍射显示了 Fe3O4 和 ZnO 相的存在,而拉曼光谱则证实了 GO 成功还原为 rGO。形态分析表明,颗粒接近球形,不均匀,略微分散,在 rGO 片上观察到一些团聚现象。傅立叶变换红外光谱鉴定出金属官能团,包括 Fe-O 和 Zn-O,分别位于 524-570 cm-1 和 447-462 cm-1。然而,随着氧化锌浓度的增加,观察到了红移吸收和带隙变窄。光致发光分析表明,氧化锌浓度增加可减少重组,提高电荷分离效率。振动样品磁力计具有软磁特性。Fe3O4/rGO 的磁化率在 21.7 emu/g 时达到饱和,并随着 ZnO 的加入而降低。光降解率随着 ZnO 浓度的增加而增加,在 1:5 时达到最佳,约为 89.9%。Fe3O4/rGO/ZnO 展示了一种可能用于废水修复的生态友好型光催化剂。该光催化剂可重复使用长达三个周期,且性能无明显变化。清除剂评估表明,电子和空穴是 Fe₃O₄/rGO/ZnO 光催化反应中的主要反应物。
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来源期刊
Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices
Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices Materials Science-Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
2.50%
发文量
88
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: In 1985, the Journal of Science was founded as a platform for publishing national and international research papers across various disciplines, including natural sciences, technology, social sciences, and humanities. Over the years, the journal has experienced remarkable growth in terms of quality, size, and scope. Today, it encompasses a diverse range of publications dedicated to academic research. Considering the rapid expansion of materials science, we are pleased to introduce the Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices. This new addition to our journal series offers researchers an exciting opportunity to publish their work on all aspects of materials science and technology within the esteemed Journal of Science. With this development, we aim to revolutionize the way research in materials science is expressed and organized, further strengthening our commitment to promoting outstanding research across various scientific and technological fields.
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