A near-infrared ONOO−-activated fluorescent probe for real-time visualizing of alcoholic liver disease

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver disease which caused by excessive drinking. It is deeply associated with liver inflammation and brings about up-regulation of reactive oxygen species including peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻). In this work, we developed a near-infrared (NIR) ONOO⁻-activated fluorescent probe BDP-NIR-ONOO for real-time visualizing of alcoholic liver disease. BDP-NIR-ONOO showed excellent response to ONOO⁻ in vitro tests, with NIR emitting wavelength (700 nm), good specificity, fast response speed (80 s), and high signal to noise ratio (252-fold). BDP-NIR-ONOO could detect the up-regulation of ONOO⁻ content in the mouse peritonitis model and realize the diagnosis of inflammation in mice. Meanwhile, BDP-NIR-ONOO could image endogenous ONOO⁻ in mice tumor. Most importantly, one mimic risky drinking ALD mice models and one mimic excessive drinking ALD mice models were established, BDP-NIR-ONOO could visualize the alcoholic liver injury of mice by imaging the ONOO⁻ fluctuation in ALD mice, which providing a powerful tool for the diagnosis of ALD. Finally, BDP-NIR-ONOO was further utilized to dynamically trace the therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine on ALD.