Fatigue Behaviors of Anisotropic Hydrogels with a Macroscopic Lamellar Bilayer Structure and Swelling Effects

IF 5.1 1区化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE

Macromolecules Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1021/acs.macromol.4c01698

Most Laboni Begum, Milena Lama, Wenqi Yang, Xiang Li, Md. Anamul Haque, Xueyu Li, Jian Ping Gong

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The application of soft materials for long-term use requires a profound understanding of their fatigue mechanisms and structural evolution under cyclic loading conditions. In this work, we studied the fatigue resistance behaviors of an anisotropic hydrogel composite consisting of periodically stacked, polymerized bilayers embedded in an elastic hydrogel matrix. The hydrogel composite exhibits high toughness and self-resilience under monotonic loading due to efficient energy dissipation from the lamellar bilayers, which act as reversible sacrificial bonds. We found that at a loading rate similar to the monotonic loading test, bilayers only modestly enhance the fatigue threshold itself but significantly suppress the fatigue crack extension rate above the fatigue threshold. Specifically, the fatigue crack extension length per cycle is only 1/10,000 that of the pristine elastic hydrogel. This enhancement in fatigue fracture resistance is only modestly reduced in the fully swollen sample.

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具有宏观层状双分子结构的各向异性水凝胶的疲劳行为与膨胀效应

要长期使用软材料，就必须深入了解其在循环加载条件下的疲劳机制和结构演变。在这项工作中，我们研究了各向异性水凝胶复合材料的抗疲劳行为，该复合材料由嵌入弹性水凝胶基质中的周期性堆叠聚合双分子层组成。这种水凝胶复合材料在单调加载条件下表现出很高的韧性和自我恢复能力，这是由于层状双分子层有效地消散了能量，起到了可逆牺牲键的作用。我们发现，在与单调加载试验类似的加载速率下，双层膜只能适度提高疲劳阈值本身，但却能显著抑制疲劳阈值以上的疲劳裂纹扩展速率。具体来说，每个周期的疲劳裂纹扩展长度仅为原始弹性水凝胶的万分之一。在完全膨胀的样品中，这种抗疲劳断裂性能的增强只是略有减弱。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Macromolecules 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.30

自引率

16.40%

发文量

942

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Macromolecules publishes original, fundamental, and impactful research on all aspects of polymer science. Topics of interest include synthesis (e.g., controlled polymerizations, polymerization catalysis, post polymerization modification, new monomer structures and polymer architectures, and polymerization mechanisms/kinetics analysis); phase behavior, thermodynamics, dynamic, and ordering/disordering phenomena (e.g., self-assembly, gelation, crystallization, solution/melt/solid-state characteristics); structure and properties (e.g., mechanical and rheological properties, surface/interfacial characteristics, electronic and transport properties); new state of the art characterization (e.g., spectroscopy, scattering, microscopy, rheology), simulation (e.g., Monte Carlo, molecular dynamics, multi-scale/coarse-grained modeling), and theoretical methods. Renewable/sustainable polymers, polymer networks, responsive polymers, electro-, magneto- and opto-active macromolecules, inorganic polymers, charge-transporting polymers (ion-containing, semiconducting, and conducting), nanostructured polymers, and polymer composites are also of interest. Typical papers published in Macromolecules showcase important and innovative concepts, experimental methods/observations, and theoretical/computational approaches that demonstrate a fundamental advance in the understanding of polymers.