The influence of radiative heat transfer on flame propagation in dense iron-air aerosols

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Combustion and Flame Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI:10.1016/j.combustflame.2024.113848

W.J. S. Ramaekers , T. Hazenberg , L.C. Thijs , D.J.E.M. Roekaerts , J.A. van Oijen , L.P.H. de Goey

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is demonstrated that in the (near) zero-gravity experiments conducted by Tang et al. (Combust. Flame; 2009, 2011) iron powder aerosols created using the finest powders are optically thick, implying that radiative heat transfer between particles should not be neglected. To test this concept, an iron particle oxidation model has been implemented in OpenFOAM, including a coupling with the P1-model for radiative heat transfer.

For flame simulations in which radiation is not included, obtained flame propagation velocities deviate less than 8% with results obtained using Chem1D-Fe and also show a good correspondance with algebraic models for optically thin aerosols. No significant difference in predicted flame propagation velocity is observed between 1D and 3D simulations: contrary to what is seen in gaseous flames, including the curvature of the flame does not increase predicted flame speeds substantially. However, measured flame propagation velocity values exceed numerically obtained predictions excluding thermal radiation by a factor of three to four. To the authors’ knowledge, this discrepancy is exemplary for the difference between experimentally obtained values for flame propagation velocities, and predictions made using numerical simulation tools neglecting radiative heat transfer.

Accounting for radiation increases predicted flame propagation velocities, in the absence of confining boundaries, by approximately a factor of 10 which is in line with algebraic models for optically thick aerosols. In 3D simulations for the two finest iron powders in the experiments, including radiation and accounting for the presence of the confining tube wall results in an error of 11% and 35% with respect to measured flame propagation velocities, significantly smaller than predictions obtained excluding thermal radiation. Although these flames are not purely radiation-driven, inclusion of particle-to-particle radiative heat transfer enhances flame propagation velocities in simulations to values that correspond much better with experimental values than if radiation would not be taken into account.

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辐射传热对稠密铁-空气气溶胶中火焰传播的影响

唐等人（Combust. Flame; 2009, 2011）进行的（近）零重力实验表明，使用最细粉末生成的铁粉气溶胶具有光学厚度，这意味着不应忽略颗粒之间的辐射传热。对于不包括辐射的火焰模拟，所获得的火焰传播速度与使用 Chem1D-Fe 所获得的结果偏差小于 8%，并且与光学稀薄气溶胶的代数模型有很好的对应性。一维和三维模拟的火焰传播速度预测值没有明显差异：与气态火焰的情况相反，加入火焰曲率并不会大幅提高火焰的预测速度。然而，测量到的火焰传播速度值却比排除热辐射后的数值预测值高出三到四倍。据作者所知，这种差异是火焰传播速度实验值与忽略辐射传热的数值模拟工具预测值之间差异的典范。在没有约束边界的情况下，考虑辐射会使预测的火焰传播速度增加约 10 倍，这与光学厚气溶胶的代数模型一致。在对实验中两种最细铁粉的三维模拟中，考虑到辐射和约束管壁的存在，与测量的火焰传播速度相比，误差分别为 11% 和 35%，明显小于不考虑热辐射的预测值。虽然这些火焰并非纯粹由辐射驱动，但加入粒子间辐射传热后，模拟的火焰传播速度比不考虑辐射的情况下更接近实验值。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Combustion and Flame 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

20.50%

发文量

631

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： The mission of the journal is to publish high quality work from experimental, theoretical, and computational investigations on the fundamentals of combustion phenomena and closely allied matters. While submissions in all pertinent areas are welcomed, past and recent focus of the journal has been on: Development and validation of reaction kinetics, reduction of reaction mechanisms and modeling of combustion systems, including: Conventional, alternative and surrogate fuels; Pollutants; Particulate and aerosol formation and abatement; Heterogeneous processes. Experimental, theoretical, and computational studies of laminar and turbulent combustion phenomena, including: Premixed and non-premixed flames; Ignition and extinction phenomena; Flame propagation; Flame structure; Instabilities and swirl; Flame spread; Multi-phase reactants. Advances in diagnostic and computational methods in combustion, including: Measurement and simulation of scalar and vector properties; Novel techniques; State-of-the art applications. Fundamental investigations of combustion technologies and systems, including: Internal combustion engines; Gas turbines; Small- and large-scale stationary combustion and power generation; Catalytic combustion; Combustion synthesis; Combustion under extreme conditions; New concepts.