The effectiveness of autonomous public transport systems in densely populated urban areas

Abstract

This paper presents an in-depth analysis and comparison of technologies for autonomous transport systems, focusing on logistical considerations, economic factors, and overall outcomes. The study evaluates various scenarios, including manned and autonomous ground vehicles, as well as infrastructure solutions, to provide insights into their operational efficiency and economic viability.

In the logistical comparison, findings indicate that autonomous and manned ground vehicles operate within similar logistical frameworks but offer different operational flexibilities. Autonomous systems demonstrate potential advantages in adaptability to changing passenger needs and risk reduction through sensor-based navigation. Additionally, deploying autonomous infrastructure solutions shows promising results in reducing cycle time (-43 % to ground manned/autonomous vehicles) and increasing technical speed (+57 % to ground manned/autonomous vehicles), especially in strained infrastructure environments.

The economic comparison reveals challenges in assessing the cost-effectiveness of autonomous solutions due to a lack of pricing data. While the automation of public transport vehicles incurs higher capital (e.g. 33 % increase for autonomous buses vs manned) and operational expenditures (e.g. 60 % increase for autonomous buses vs manned), autonomous systems offer benefits such as continuous operation and reduced idle time. Investments in infrastructure solutions present opportunities to diversify traffic flow and enhance the overall transportation system.

In conclusion, the autonomous transport system market requires increased transparency in pricing structures and technical maturity. Successful deployment depends on thorough demand studies and compatibility analyses with existing infrastructure. Innovative approaches like autonomous monorails or suspended Light Rail Transit (LRT) offer scalability, efficiency, and reduced environmental impact. Integrating predictive maintenance systems and advanced fleet management enhances reliability and service quality. Fostering transparency, embracing innovation, and implementing robust management systems are crucial for the successful integration of autonomous transport systems into urban environments.