Examining the joint effect of clinical quality, meaningful use of HIT and patient-caregiver interaction on mortality rates in US acute care hospitals.

Abstract

Background: Healthcare quality has long been defined and assessed using different theories that outline care delivery as a product of clinical and non-clinical aspects. The clinical aspect is medicinal in nature, while the non-clinical symbolizes social and technological aspects of care. To the best of our knowledge, the joint effect of the clinical, social, and technological aspects of care on outcome quality of care has not been investigated in the literature. The current study empirically investigates, using the joint effect of the clinical, social, and technological care quality dimensions on mortality rates through analyzing longitudinal data from 3081 US hospitals.

Methods: Six-year data from 3081 acute care hospitals are collected and analyzed using econometric analysis with two-stage least square instrumental variable regression models.

Results: Hospitals that jointly focus on clinical, social, and technological care dimensions realize lower mortality rates. Combining clinical quality (CM) with either patient-caregiver interaction (PCI) or meaningful use of health infomration technology (MUHIT) reduces mortality rates. The lowest mortality rate is realized when hospitals combine CM, PCI, and MUHIT.

Conclusion: Our study provides empirical evidence on the importance of combining clinical and non-clinical care measures to reduce mortality rates in hospitals. Our results indicate that hospitals that combine dual quality dimensions, clinical quality with either PCI or MUHIT, can also realize improvement in mortality rates. However, the best outcome can be realized by focusing on the triple quality dimensions (CM, PCI, and MUHIT). The study provides pointers to healthcare professionals and policymakers on the impact of non-clinical care on the clinical-mortality link in hospitals.