The potential of biochar incorporation into agricultural soils to promote sustainable agriculture: insights from soil health, crop productivity, greenhouse gas emission mitigation and feasibility perspectives—a critical review

IF 8.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI:10.1007/s11157-024-09712-4

Muhammad Saif Ullah, Raheleh Malekian, Gurjit S. Randhawa, Yuvraj Sing Gill, Sundeep Singh, Travis J. Esau, Qamar U. Zaman, Hassan Afzaal, Dao Lin Du, Aitazaz A. Farooque

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Abstract

Biochar is a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of organic biomass. Its unique properties make it a versatile asset in agricultural and environmental management. This review paper provides scientific insights into how biochar affects soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. It then discusses how these changes can impact crop growth and yield, addressing a key concern for farmers while also considering the potential for biochar to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), Nitrous oxide (N₂O), and methane (CH₄), which is of public interest. Additionally, it examines the costs and benefits associated with biochar use, aiming to guide its adoption and suggest future research directions in agricultural applications. Biochar incorporation improves soil properties by enhancing structure, water retention, aeration, nutrient availability, and microbial activity. Different processes impact the effects of biochar on soil, plants, and agricultural systems, influenced by factors like biochar type, soil type, and application rate. Understanding the interaction of these elements, especially over the long term, is vital for promoting the widespread use of biochar in agriculture. Moreover, assessing the economic benefits and costs of biochar in each region is key to convincing farmers to adopt this practice.

Graphical abstract

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将生物炭纳入农业土壤以促进可持续农业的潜力：从土壤健康、作物生产力、温室气体减排和可行性角度的见解--重要评论

生物炭是一种通过热解有机生物质产生的富碳材料。其独特的性质使其成为农业和环境管理的多功能资产。这篇综述论文从科学角度阐述了生物炭如何影响土壤的物理、化学和生物特性。然后，它讨论了这些变化如何影响作物的生长和产量，解决了农民关心的一个关键问题，同时还考虑了生物炭在减少二氧化碳 (CO2)、氧化亚氮 (N2O) 和甲烷 (CH4) 等公众关心的温室气体 (GHG) 排放方面的潜力。此外，该研究还探讨了使用生物炭的相关成本和效益，旨在指导生物炭的应用，并提出未来农业应用的研究方向。掺入生物炭可以改善土壤结构、保水性、通气性、养分供应和微生物活动，从而改善土壤性质。生物炭对土壤、植物和农业系统的影响受生物炭类型、土壤类型和施用量等因素的影响，这些影响过程各不相同。了解这些因素的相互作用，尤其是长期的相互作用，对于促进生物炭在农业中的广泛使用至关重要。此外，评估每个地区生物炭的经济效益和成本是说服农民采用这种做法的关键。

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来源期刊

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology Environmental Science-Waste Management and Disposal

CiteScore

25.00

自引率

1.40%

发文量

审稿时长

4.5 months

期刊介绍： Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology is a publication that offers easily comprehensible, reliable, and well-rounded perspectives and evaluations in the realm of environmental science and (bio)technology. It disseminates the most recent progressions and timely compilations of groundbreaking scientific discoveries, technological advancements, practical applications, policy developments, and societal concerns encompassing all facets of environmental science and (bio)technology. Furthermore, it tackles broader aspects beyond the natural sciences, incorporating subjects such as education, funding, policy-making, intellectual property, and societal influence.