Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and patient-reported outcomes in symptom management trials for women with breast cancer.

Abstract

Purpose: Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (NSD) is associated with worse outcomes among patients with cancer, but little is known about NSD-related disparities in patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in clinical trials. We examined the relationship between PROs and NSD in symptom management trials among women with breast cancer.

Methods: We pooled data from three SWOG randomized trials to examine four outcomes: physical and functional wellbeing (PWB, FWB), average pain, and pain interference. NSD was measured using participants' zip code linked to the area deprivation index (ADI) score, categorized into tertiles. Multivariable linear regression adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was used to analyze baseline PROs. Linear mixed models were used to examine if trajectory of PROs from baseline through 24 weeks varied by ADI.

Results: We examined 761 participants, of whom 51% were from least deprived neighborhoods. Participants in the most deprived neighborhoods had worse average pain at baseline (β = .38, 95% CI = .03 to .72, p = .03) while participants in somewhat deprived areas also had worse FWB (β = -1.07, 95% CI = -1.95 to -.20, p = .02) and pain interference (β = 0.42, 95% CI = .09 to .75, p = .01) compared to those from least deprived areas. Hispanic ethnicity and having Medicaid/no insurance were associated with worse outcomes. After adjusting for baseline score, ADI was not associated with any outcome over time.

Conclusions: Breast cancer patients living in areas with NSD had worse FWB, joint pain, and pain interference at baseline. Clinical trial participants should be screened for community-level needs. Implementing interventions to address those needs could help mitigate disparities.