Balancing selfing and outcrossing: the genetics and cell biology of nematodes with three sexual morphs.

IF 3.3 3区 生物学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY
Genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI:10.1093/genetics/iyae173
Sally Adams, Sophie Tandonnet, Andre Pires-daSilva
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Trioecy, a rare reproductive system where hermaphrodites, females, and males coexist, is found in certain algae, plants, and animals. Though it has evolved independently multiple times, its rarity suggests it may be an unstable or transitory evolutionary strategy. In the well-studied Caenorhabditis elegans, attempts to engineer a trioecious strain have reverted to the hermaphrodite/male system, reinforcing this view. However, these studies did not consider the sex-determination systems of naturally stable trioecious species. The discovery of free-living nematodes of the Auanema genus, which have naturally stable trioecy, provides an opportunity to study these systems. In Auanema, females produce only oocytes, while hermaphrodites produce both oocytes and sperm for self-fertilization. Crosses between males and females primarily produce daughters (XX hermaphrodites and females), while male-hermaphrodite crosses result in sons only. These skewed sex ratios are due to X-chromosome drive during spermatogenesis, where males produce only X-bearing sperm through asymmetric cell division. The stability of trioecy in Auanema is influenced by maternal control over sex determination and environmental cues. These factors offer insights into the genetic and environmental dynamics that maintain trioecy, potentially explaining its evolutionary stability in certain species.

平衡自交和外交:三种有性形态线虫的遗传学和细胞生物学。
雌雄三体是一种罕见的生殖系统,雌雄同体,共存于某些藻类、植物和动物中。虽然这种生殖系统已经独立进化了多次,但其稀有性表明它可能是一种不稳定或短暂的进化策略。在研究较多的秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)中,人们试图设计一种雌雄三体的品系,但结果又恢复了雌雄同体的系统,这进一步证实了这一观点。然而,这些研究并未考虑自然稳定的雌雄同株物种的性别决定系统。具有自然稳定三雌一雄系统的自由生活线虫 Auanema 属的发现为研究这些系统提供了机会。在 Auanema 中,雌性只产生卵母细胞,而雌雄同体的动物则同时产生卵母细胞和精子进行自交。雌雄杂交主要产生女儿(XX雌雄同体),而雄性-雌性杂交只产生儿子。这些性别比例失调的原因是精子发生过程中的 X 染色体驱动,雄性通过不对称细胞分裂只产生含 X 染色体的精子。三雌一雄的稳定性受到母体对性别决定的控制和环境因素的影响。这些因素有助于深入了解维持三雌一雄的遗传和环境动态,从而有可能解释三雌一雄在某些物种中的进化稳定性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Genetics
Genetics GENETICS & HEREDITY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
6.10%
发文量
177
审稿时长
1.5 months
期刊介绍: GENETICS is published by the Genetics Society of America, a scholarly society that seeks to deepen our understanding of the living world by advancing our understanding of genetics. Since 1916, GENETICS has published high-quality, original research presenting novel findings bearing on genetics and genomics. The journal publishes empirical studies of organisms ranging from microbes to humans, as well as theoretical work. While it has an illustrious history, GENETICS has changed along with the communities it serves: it is not your mentor''s journal. The editors make decisions quickly – in around 30 days – without sacrificing the excellence and scholarship for which the journal has long been known. GENETICS is a peer reviewed, peer-edited journal, with an international reach and increasing visibility and impact. All editorial decisions are made through collaboration of at least two editors who are practicing scientists. GENETICS is constantly innovating: expanded types of content include Reviews, Commentary (current issues of interest to geneticists), Perspectives (historical), Primers (to introduce primary literature into the classroom), Toolbox Reviews, plus YeastBook, FlyBook, and WormBook (coming spring 2016). For particularly time-sensitive results, we publish Communications. As part of our mission to serve our communities, we''ve published thematic collections, including Genomic Selection, Multiparental Populations, Mouse Collaborative Cross, and the Genetics of Sex.
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