Aziridine Group Transfer via Transient N-Aziridinyl Radicals

Abstract

Aziridines are the smallest nitrogen-containing heterocycles. Strain-enhanced electrophilicity renders aziridines useful synthetic intermediates and gives rise to biological activity. Classical aziridine syntheses─based on either [2 + 1] cycloadditions or intramolecular substitution chemistry─assemble aziridines from acyclic precursors. Here, we introduce N-aziridinyl radicals as a reactive intermediate that enables the transfer of intact aziridine fragments in organic synthesis. Transient N-aziridinyl radicals are generated by the reductive activation of N-pyridinium aziridines and are directly characterized by spin-trapped EPR spectroscopy. In the presence of O₂, N-aziridinyl radicals are added to styrenyl olefins to afford 1,2-hydroxyaziridination products. These results establish aziridinyl radicals as new reactive intermediates in synthetic chemistry and demonstrate aziridine group transfer as a viable synthetic disconnection.