Earth's record-high greenness and its attributions in 2020

IF 11.1 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Remote Sensing of Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2024.114494

Yulong Zhang , Jiafu Mao , Ge Sun , Qinfeng Guo , Jeffrey Atkins , Wenhong Li , Mingzhou Jin , Conghe Song , Jingfeng Xiao , Taehee Hwang , Tong Qiu , Lin Meng , Daniel M. Ricciuto , Xiaoying Shi , Xing Li , Peter Thornton , Forrest Hoffman

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of Earth's biosphere, regulating global carbon and water cycles and contributing to human welfare. Despite an overall greening trend, terrestrial vegetation exhibits a significant inter-annual variability. The mechanisms driving this variability, particularly those related to climatic and anthropogenic factors, remain poorly understood, which hampers our ability to project the long-term sustainability of ecosystem services. Here, by leveraging diverse remote sensing measurements, we pinpointed 2020 as a historic landmark, registering as the greenest year in modern satellite records from 2001 to 2020. Using ensemble machine learning and Earth system models, we found this exceptional greening primarily stemmed from consistent growth in boreal and temperate vegetation, attributed to rising CO₂ levels, climate warming, and reforestation efforts, alongside a transient tropical green-up linked to the enhanced rainfall. Contrary to expectations, the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns had a limited impact on this global greening anomaly. Our findings highlight the resilience and dynamic nature of global vegetation in response to diverse climatic and anthropogenic influences, offering valuable insights for optimizing ecosystem management and informing climate mitigation strategies.

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地球绿化率创历史新高及其 2020 年的归因

陆地植被是地球生物圈的重要组成部分，调节着全球碳循环和水循环，并为人类福祉做出贡献。尽管总体呈绿化趋势，但陆地植被的年际变化很大。人们对这种变化的驱动机制，尤其是与气候和人为因素相关的机制，仍然知之甚少，这阻碍了我们预测生态系统服务长期可持续性的能力。在这里，通过利用各种遥感测量数据，我们将 2020 年定位为历史性的里程碑，它是 2001 年至 2020 年现代卫星记录中最绿的一年。利用集合机器学习和地球系统模型，我们发现这一特殊的绿化主要源于北方和温带植被的持续增长（归因于二氧化碳水平上升、气候变暖和植树造林努力），以及与降雨量增加有关的短暂热带绿化。与预期相反，COVID-19 大流行病的封锁对这一全球绿化异常现象的影响有限。我们的研究结果突显了全球植被在应对各种气候和人为影响时的恢复力和动态性，为优化生态系统管理和气候减缓战略提供了宝贵的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Remote Sensing of Environment 环境科学-成像科学与照相技术

CiteScore

25.10

自引率

8.90%

发文量

455

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： Remote Sensing of Environment (RSE) serves the Earth observation community by disseminating results on the theory, science, applications, and technology that contribute to advancing the field of remote sensing. With a thoroughly interdisciplinary approach, RSE encompasses terrestrial, oceanic, and atmospheric sensing. The journal emphasizes biophysical and quantitative approaches to remote sensing at local to global scales, covering a diverse range of applications and techniques. RSE serves as a vital platform for the exchange of knowledge and advancements in the dynamic field of remote sensing.