Mathematical analysis of busy tone in full-duplex optical MAC for hidden node mitigation

IF 4.4 2区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, HARDWARE & ARCHITECTURE

Computer Networks Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1016/j.comnet.2024.110870

Anjali Gupta, Abhishek Dixit

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article provides the mathematical analysis of carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) media access control (MAC) protocol of IEEE 802.15.7 optical wireless communication (OWC). While the prior works have performed the OWC CSMA/CA mathematical analysis using the Markov models, deviation from the simulation results has been observed. We address this by improving the Markov model calculations, which display a mere 0.2% throughput deviation, nearly matching the simulation results. Furthermore, we work on the hidden node problem of the OWC networks. This problem is solved in literature by using various full-duplex communication methods, such as bi-directional data transmission and the busy tone signal; the latter is employed in our previous work on full-duplex optical MAC (FD-OMAC). These techniques increase the coverage area of the nodes by utilizing an access point (AP) as a relay node. However, the AP response is delayed by the processing time, causing an unexpected network behavior. The quantitative effect of this delay remains unexplored, which is critical for optimizing the OWC network. We bridge this gap by extending the proposed Markov analysis to model CSMA/CA and the aforementioned full-duplex techniques. This work equips readers with mathematical insights for future OWC MAC layer enhancements.

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缓解隐藏节点的全双工光 MAC 中忙音的数学分析

本文对 IEEE 802.15.7 光无线通信（OWC）的载波感知多路存取与碰撞避免（CSMA/CA）媒体访问控制（MAC）协议进行了数学分析。虽然之前的研究使用马尔可夫模型进行了 OWC CSMA/CA 数学分析，但发现与仿真结果存在偏差。我们通过改进马尔可夫模型计算来解决这一问题，结果显示吞吐量偏差仅为 0.2%，几乎与模拟结果一致。此外，我们还研究了 OWC 网络的隐藏节点问题。文献中通过使用各种全双工通信方法解决了这一问题，如双向数据传输和忙音信号；后者在我们之前的全双工光 MAC（FD-OMAC）研究中得到了应用。这些技术利用接入点（AP）作为中继节点，扩大了节点的覆盖范围。然而，接入点的响应会因处理时间而延迟，从而导致意想不到的网络行为。这种延迟的定量影响仍有待探索，而这对于优化 OWC 网络至关重要。我们将提出的马尔可夫分析扩展到 CSMA/CA 和上述全双工技术模型，从而弥补了这一差距。这项工作为读者提供了数学见解，有助于未来改进 OWC MAC 层。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Computer Networks 工程技术-电信学

CiteScore

10.80

自引率

3.60%

发文量

434

审稿时长

8.6 months

期刊介绍： Computer Networks is an international, archival journal providing a publication vehicle for complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in the computer communications networking area. The audience includes researchers, managers and operators of networks as well as designers and implementors. The Editorial Board will consider any material for publication that is of interest to those groups.