MicroRNAs as Regulators, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Targets in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES

Molecular Neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1007/s12035-024-04582-x

Tong-Tong Yao, Lei Chen, Yang Du, Zhong-Yong Jiang, Yong Cheng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex and is mainly influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Some research has indicated that environmental aspects may interplay with genetic aspects to enhance the risk, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are probably factors in explaining this link between heredity and the environment. MiRNAs are single-stranded noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. Some research has indicated that miRNAs are closely linked to neurological diseases. Many aberrantly expressed miRNAs have been observed in autism, and these dysregulated miRNAs are expected to be potential biomarkers and provide new strategies for the treatment of this disease. This article reviews the research progress of miRNAs in autism, including their biosynthesis and function. It is found that some miRNAs show aberrant expression patterns in brain tissue and peripheral blood of autistic patients, which may serve as biomarkers of the disease. In addition, the article explores the novel role of exosomes as carriers of miRNAs with the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and unique expression profiles, offering new possibilities for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in ASD. The potential of miRNAs in exosomes as diagnostic markers for ASD is specifically highlighted, as well as the prospect of using engineered exosome-encapsulated miRNAs for targeted therapies.

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自闭症谱系障碍中作为调节剂、生物标记物和治疗靶点的微RNA。

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发病机制十分复杂，主要受遗传和环境因素的影响。一些研究表明，环境因素可能与遗传因素相互作用，从而增加患病风险，而微小RNA（miRNA）可能是解释遗传与环境之间这种联系的因素。miRNA 是单链非编码 RNA，可在转录后水平调节基因表达。一些研究表明，miRNA 与神经系统疾病密切相关。在自闭症中观察到许多异常表达的 miRNA，这些失调的 miRNA 有望成为潜在的生物标志物，并为该疾病的治疗提供新的策略。本文回顾了自闭症中 miRNA 的研究进展，包括其生物合成和功能。研究发现，一些 miRNAs 在自闭症患者的脑组织和外周血中呈现异常表达模式，可作为该疾病的生物标志物。此外，文章还探讨了外泌体作为 miRNAs 载体的新作用，外泌体具有穿越血脑屏障的能力和独特的表达谱，为 ASD 的诊断和治疗干预提供了新的可能性。文章特别强调了外泌体中的miRNA作为ASD诊断标志物的潜力，以及利用工程化外泌体包裹的miRNA进行靶向治疗的前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Molecular Neurobiology 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

9.00

自引率

2.00%

发文量

480

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Neurobiology is an exciting journal for neuroscientists needing to stay in close touch with progress at the forefront of molecular brain research today. It is an especially important periodical for graduate students and "postdocs," specifically designed to synthesize and critically assess research trends for all neuroscientists hoping to stay active at the cutting edge of this dramatically developing area. This journal has proven to be crucial in departmental libraries, serving as essential reading for every committed neuroscientist who is striving to keep abreast of all rapid developments in a forefront field. Most recent significant advances in experimental and clinical neuroscience have been occurring at the molecular level. Until now, there has been no journal devoted to looking closely at this fragmented literature in a critical, coherent fashion. Each submission is thoroughly analyzed by scientists and clinicians internationally renowned for their special competence in the areas treated.