Retraso diagnóstico y oportunidades perdidas en la detección precoz de la fibrilación auricular: estudio transversal

Abstract

Introduction

We analysed the frequency of atrial fibrillation (AF) delayed diagnosis and the factors associated with it in newly diagnosed patients.

Methods

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, multicentre study. Data were collected from newly diagnosed patients with AF through medical records review and interviews during cardiology, internal medicine, primary care and emergency department consultations in Spain.

Results

A total of 201 physicians participated in the study (64.2% cardiologists, 21.4% internists). 948 patients (58% men; mean age 72.8 years) were included. In 41.8% of patients, AF was classified as paroxysmal at diagnosis, 30.9% as persistent and 27.3% as permanent. The diagnosis was coincidental in 37%. It was considered that a delayed diagnosis occurred in 49.3% of patients. This delay was associated with the presence of permanent or persistent AF, older age or valvular disease. 74.8% of patients had some contact with the healthcare system in the preceding year. The diagnosis could have been established between 1-6 months earlier in 50.7% of cases and more than six months earlier in 20.1%. 54.4% of the patients had experienced AF compatible symptomatology previously. Of these, 32.6% had a consultation without a diagnosis.

Conclusions

In a significant proportion of AF cases, there is a diagnostic delay. Many people with compatible symptoms neither seek consultations nor contact the healthcare system facilities. Consequently, the opportunity for early diagnosis is lost.