{"title":"Deep learning model for protein multi-label subcellular localization and function prediction based on multi-task collaborative training.","authors":"Peihao Bai, Guanghui Li, Jiawei Luo, Cheng Liang","doi":"10.1093/bib/bbae568","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The functional study of proteins is a critical task in modern biology, playing a pivotal role in understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis, developing new drugs, and discovering novel drug targets. However, existing computational models for subcellular localization face significant challenges, such as reliance on known Gene Ontology (GO) annotation databases or overlooking the relationship between GO annotations and subcellular localization. To address these issues, we propose DeepMTC, an end-to-end deep learning-based multi-task collaborative training model. DeepMTC integrates the interrelationship between subcellular localization and the functional annotation of proteins, leveraging multi-task collaborative training to eliminate dependence on known GO databases. This strategy gives DeepMTC a distinct advantage in predicting newly discovered proteins without prior functional annotations. First, DeepMTC leverages pre-trained language model with high accuracy to obtain the 3D structure and sequence features of proteins. Additionally, it employs a graph transformer module to encode protein sequence features, addressing the problem of long-range dependencies in graph neural networks. Finally, DeepMTC uses a functional cross-attention mechanism to efficiently combine upstream learned functional features to perform the subcellular localization task. The experimental results demonstrate that DeepMTC outperforms state-of-the-art models in both protein function prediction and subcellular localization. Moreover, interpretability experiments revealed that DeepMTC can accurately identify the key residues and functional domains of proteins, confirming its superior performance. The code and dataset of DeepMTC are freely available at https://github.com/ghli16/DeepMTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9209,"journal":{"name":"Briefings in bioinformatics","volume":"25 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11531862/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Briefings in bioinformatics","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbae568","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The functional study of proteins is a critical task in modern biology, playing a pivotal role in understanding the mechanisms of pathogenesis, developing new drugs, and discovering novel drug targets. However, existing computational models for subcellular localization face significant challenges, such as reliance on known Gene Ontology (GO) annotation databases or overlooking the relationship between GO annotations and subcellular localization. To address these issues, we propose DeepMTC, an end-to-end deep learning-based multi-task collaborative training model. DeepMTC integrates the interrelationship between subcellular localization and the functional annotation of proteins, leveraging multi-task collaborative training to eliminate dependence on known GO databases. This strategy gives DeepMTC a distinct advantage in predicting newly discovered proteins without prior functional annotations. First, DeepMTC leverages pre-trained language model with high accuracy to obtain the 3D structure and sequence features of proteins. Additionally, it employs a graph transformer module to encode protein sequence features, addressing the problem of long-range dependencies in graph neural networks. Finally, DeepMTC uses a functional cross-attention mechanism to efficiently combine upstream learned functional features to perform the subcellular localization task. The experimental results demonstrate that DeepMTC outperforms state-of-the-art models in both protein function prediction and subcellular localization. Moreover, interpretability experiments revealed that DeepMTC can accurately identify the key residues and functional domains of proteins, confirming its superior performance. The code and dataset of DeepMTC are freely available at https://github.com/ghli16/DeepMTC.
期刊介绍:
Briefings in Bioinformatics is an international journal serving as a platform for researchers and educators in the life sciences. It also appeals to mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists applying their expertise to biological challenges. The journal focuses on reviews tailored for users of databases and analytical tools in contemporary genetics, molecular and systems biology. It stands out by offering practical assistance and guidance to non-specialists in computerized methodologies. Covering a wide range from introductory concepts to specific protocols and analyses, the papers address bacterial, plant, fungal, animal, and human data.
The journal's detailed subject areas include genetic studies of phenotypes and genotypes, mapping, DNA sequencing, expression profiling, gene expression studies, microarrays, alignment methods, protein profiles and HMMs, lipids, metabolic and signaling pathways, structure determination and function prediction, phylogenetic studies, and education and training.