STAR-RIS-NOMA empowered vehicle-to-vehicle communications: Outage and ergodic capacity analysis

Abstract

This paper delves into the performance evaluation of a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enabled vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system empowered by simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS). Herein, we consider that a moving access point (AP) transmits superimposed signals to nearby and distant NOMA vehicles simultaneously via reflection and transmission through a STAR-RIS equipped vehicle with 2N reconfigurable elements, respectively. Specifically, by characterizing all V2V channels as double-Rayleigh fading distributed, we derive the outage probability (OP) and ergodic capacity (EC) expressions for each NOMA vehicle, by employing both perfect and imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) at nearby vehicle user. Furthermore, we present the asymptotic OP behavior at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime to gain deeper insights into the diversity order of NOMA vehicles. The findings reveal that the nearby vehicle under perfect SIC and far vehicle experience a diversity order of $\frac{N{\pi }^4}{256-{\pi }^2}$, which is the function of number of reconfigurable elements (N) in the STAR-RIS. Whereas, a zero diversity order is obtained for nearby user under imperfect SIC case. Moreover, we analytically discuss the high SNR slopes of EC for both user vehicles. Furthermore, Monte-Carlo simulations are conducted to validate our analytical results under various channel and system parameter configurations. We also provide a comparison between the proposed scheme and STAR-RIS based orthogonal multiple access and cooperative relaying systems.