{"title":"Predicting strain energy causing soil liquefaction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2024.101419","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquefaction, which typically occurs in saturated sandy soil deposits, is one of the destructive phenomena that can occur during an earthquake. When the soil reaches liquefied state, it loses a significant amount of resistance and stiffness, which often results in widespread catastrophic damages. Therefore, accurate evaluating the potential of soil liquefaction occurrence is of great importance in earthquake geotechnical designs in regions prone to this phenomenon. The strain energy-based approach is a novel robustness technique to evaluate liquefaction potential. In the current research, 165 laboratory data sets from cyclic experiments were collected and analyzed. A predictive model using gene expression programming (GEP) was proposed to assess strain energy needed for occurrence of soil liquefaction. Assessing physical behavior of developed GEP-based model was conducted through sensitivity analysis. Performance of GEP-based was validated by comparing with a series of centrifuge experiments and cyclic triaxial tests results. Subsequently, after experimental verification of numerical modeling, the strain energy required for soil liquefaction under cyclic loading at different conditions were numerically evaluated and compared with the strain energy calculated by proposed model. Finally, the developed GEP-based model was compared with established strain energy-based relationships. The results indicated high precision of proposed GEP-based model in determination of strain energy required for soil liquefaction triggering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Transportation Geotechnics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221439122400240X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CIVIL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Liquefaction, which typically occurs in saturated sandy soil deposits, is one of the destructive phenomena that can occur during an earthquake. When the soil reaches liquefied state, it loses a significant amount of resistance and stiffness, which often results in widespread catastrophic damages. Therefore, accurate evaluating the potential of soil liquefaction occurrence is of great importance in earthquake geotechnical designs in regions prone to this phenomenon. The strain energy-based approach is a novel robustness technique to evaluate liquefaction potential. In the current research, 165 laboratory data sets from cyclic experiments were collected and analyzed. A predictive model using gene expression programming (GEP) was proposed to assess strain energy needed for occurrence of soil liquefaction. Assessing physical behavior of developed GEP-based model was conducted through sensitivity analysis. Performance of GEP-based was validated by comparing with a series of centrifuge experiments and cyclic triaxial tests results. Subsequently, after experimental verification of numerical modeling, the strain energy required for soil liquefaction under cyclic loading at different conditions were numerically evaluated and compared with the strain energy calculated by proposed model. Finally, the developed GEP-based model was compared with established strain energy-based relationships. The results indicated high precision of proposed GEP-based model in determination of strain energy required for soil liquefaction triggering.
期刊介绍:
Transportation Geotechnics is a journal dedicated to publishing high-quality, theoretical, and applied papers that cover all facets of geotechnics for transportation infrastructure such as roads, highways, railways, underground railways, airfields, and waterways. The journal places a special emphasis on case studies that present original work relevant to the sustainable construction of transportation infrastructure. The scope of topics it addresses includes the geotechnical properties of geomaterials for sustainable and rational design and construction, the behavior of compacted and stabilized geomaterials, the use of geosynthetics and reinforcement in constructed layers and interlayers, ground improvement and slope stability for transportation infrastructures, compaction technology and management, maintenance technology, the impact of climate, embankments for highways and high-speed trains, transition zones, dredging, underwater geotechnics for infrastructure purposes, and the modeling of multi-layered structures and supporting ground under dynamic and repeated loads.