Effects of wildfire on soil microbial communities in karst forest ecosystems of southern Guizhou Province, China.

IF 3.9 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Xu Li, Yanfeng Han, Yunlin Zhang, Qiuyu Shao, Chunbo Dong, Jianfeng Li, Bo Ding, Yanwei Zhang
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Abstract

Wildfires are unpredictable disturbances with profound effects on soil properties and microbial communities within forest ecosystems. However, knowledge of post-fire microbial communities in karst forests remains limited. In this study, microbial amplicon sequencing techniques were employed to investigate the impact of wildfires on the composition, diversity, function, and co-occurrence network of soil microbial communities in karst forest landscapes and to identify the key soil physicochemical factors affecting the post-fire microbial communities. The wildfire affected the fungal community to a greater extent than the bacterial community, with the former shifting from a dominance of Basidiomycota to Ascomycota at the phylum level, while the relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased significantly in the bacterial community. Moreover, the wildfire increased the α-diversity of the microbial community and changed the β-diversity. Network analysis indicated significant reductions in the complexity of microbial community networks and the hub microbiome in burned soils compared to those of unburned soils. Functional predictions indicated an increase in the highly abundant functional taxa of chemoheterotrophic and aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria, along with a significant rise in saprotrophic functional fungal taxa following the fire. In addition, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soil water content emerged as key soil physicochemical factors affecting post-fire soil microbial communities in the karst forest. Overall, this study revealed the structural and functional characteristics of soil microbial communities and their key influencing factors after a fire in a karst forest, which will provide a valuable theoretical basis for ecosystem restoration after a wildfire.IMPORTANCEDespite the significant impacts of wildfires on forest ecosystems, most existing studies have largely focused on boreal and Mediterranean coniferous forest types, with limited research on the impacts of coniferous and broadleaf forest types in subtropical karst regions. This study reveals the effects of wildfires on soil microbial communities of coniferous and broadleaf forest types in a karst forest. The results of this study not only improve the understanding of the effects of wildfires on the composition, diversity, function, and network of soil microbial communities but also provide a meaningful theoretical basis for post-fire ecosystem restoration in the karst forest.

野火对中国贵州省南部喀斯特森林生态系统土壤微生物群落的影响
野火是一种不可预测的干扰,对森林生态系统中的土壤特性和微生物群落有着深远的影响。然而,人们对喀斯特森林中火灾后微生物群落的了解仍然有限。本研究采用微生物扩增子测序技术研究了野火对喀斯特森林景观中土壤微生物群落的组成、多样性、功能和共生网络的影响,并确定了影响火后微生物群落的关键土壤理化因素。野火对真菌群落的影响程度大于细菌群落,真菌群落在门级上由基生菌纲(Basidiomycota)为主转变为子囊菌纲(Ascomycota)为主,而细菌群落中放线菌(Actinobacteria)的相对丰度显著增加。此外,野火增加了微生物群落的α-多样性,改变了β-多样性。网络分析表明,与未燃烧土壤相比,燃烧土壤中微生物群落网络和中枢微生物组的复杂性明显降低。功能预测结果表明,火灾发生后,高度丰富的化能异养菌和需氧化能异养菌的功能类群有所增加,同时滋液功能真菌类群也显著增加。此外,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和土壤含水量也是影响喀斯特森林火灾后土壤微生物群落的关键土壤理化因素。总体而言,本研究揭示了喀斯特森林火灾后土壤微生物群落的结构和功能特征及其关键影响因素,这将为野火后生态系统恢复提供有价值的理论依据。 重要意义尽管野火对森林生态系统有重大影响,但现有研究大多集中在北方和地中海针叶林类型,对亚热带喀斯特地区针叶林和阔叶林类型的影响研究有限。本研究揭示了野火对喀斯特森林中针叶林和阔叶林类型土壤微生物群落的影响。这项研究的结果不仅加深了人们对野火对土壤微生物群落的组成、多样性、功能和网络的影响的理解,还为喀斯特森林的火后生态系统恢复提供了有意义的理论依据。
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来源期刊
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Applied and Environmental Microbiology 生物-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
2.30%
发文量
730
审稿时长
1.9 months
期刊介绍: Applied and Environmental Microbiology (AEM) publishes papers that make significant contributions to (a) applied microbiology, including biotechnology, protein engineering, bioremediation, and food microbiology, (b) microbial ecology, including environmental, organismic, and genomic microbiology, and (c) interdisciplinary microbiology, including invertebrate microbiology, plant microbiology, aquatic microbiology, and geomicrobiology.
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