Association between asthma and IgG levels specific for rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus antigens in children and adults

The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100342

Marion Mauclin MSc , Alicia Guillien PhD , Katarzyna Niespodziana PhD , Anne Boudier MSc , Thomas Schlederer PhD , Maja Bajic MSc , Peter Errhalt MD , Kristina Borochova PhD , Isabelle Pin MD , Frédéric Gormand MD , Raphaël Vernet MD , Jean Bousquet MD, PhD , Emmanuelle Bouzigon MD, PhD , Rudolf Valenta MD, PhD , Valérie Siroux PhD

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Abstract

Background

Viral infections in childhood, especially to rhinovirus (RV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are associated with asthma inception and exacerbation. However, little is known about the role of RV- and RSV-specific antibodies in childhood versus adult asthma.

Objective

We sought to investigate associations between RV- and RSV-specific IgG levels and asthma phenotypes in children and adults.

Methods

The analysis included 1771 samples from participants of the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (530 children; age [mean ± SD], 11.1 ± 2.8, and 1241 adults; age [mean ± SD], 43.4 ± 16.7, among whom 274 and 498 had ever asthma, respectively). RSV- and RV-specific IgG levels were determined using microarrayed virus-derived antigens and peptides. Cross-sectional associations between standardized RSV- and RV-specific IgG levels and asthma phenotypes were estimated by multiple regression models.

Results

In children, ever asthma was associated with higher IgG levels specific to RV, especially to RV-A and RV-C, and to RSV (adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] for a 1 − SD increase in IgG levels were 1.52 [1.16-1.99], 1.42 [1.10-1.83], and 1.24 [0.99-1.54], respectively). These associations were stronger for moderate to severe asthma than for mild asthma. Conversely in adults, ever asthma was associated with lower RV-A, RV-B, and RV-C IgG levels (adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] were 0.86 [0.74-0.99], 0.83 [0.73-0.95], and 0.85 [0.73-0.99], respectively).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the association between respiratory virus–specific antibody levels and asthma varies during life, with asthma associated with higher levels of IgG to RSV, RV-A, and RV-C in children and lower levels of IgG responses to RV-A/B/C in adults.

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哮喘与儿童和成人鼻病毒和呼吸道合胞病毒抗原特异性 IgG 水平之间的关系

背景儿童时期的病毒感染，尤其是鼻病毒（RV）和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV），与哮喘的发病和加重有关。我们试图研究 RV 和 RSV 特异性 IgG 水平与儿童和成人哮喘表型之间的关系。方法分析了 1771 份样本，这些样本来自哮喘遗传与环境流行病学研究（Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma）的参与者（530 名儿童，年龄[平均值±标清值]为 11.1 ± 2.8；1241 名成人，年龄[平均值±标清值]为 43.4 ± 16.7，其中 274 人和 498 人曾患有哮喘）。使用微阵列病毒衍生抗原和肽测定了RSV和RV特异性IgG水平。结果在儿童中，曾经患有哮喘与较高的RV（尤其是RV-A和RV-C）和RSV特异性IgG水平有关（IgG水平增加1 SD的调整几率比[95% CI]分别为1.52 [1.16-1.99]、1.42 [1.10-1.83]和1.24 [0.99-1.54]）。与轻度哮喘相比，中度至重度哮喘与这些因素的相关性更强。相反，在成人中，曾经患有哮喘与较低的 RV-A、RV-B 和 RV-C IgG 水平有关（调整后的几率比[95% CI]分别为 0.86 [0.74-0.99]、0.83 [0.73-0.95] 和 0.85 [0.73-0.99]）。结论我们的研究结果表明，呼吸道病毒特异性抗体水平与哮喘之间的关系在一生中各不相同，儿童哮喘与较高水平的 RSV、RV-A 和 RV-C IgG 相关，而成人对 RV-A/B/C 的 IgG 反应水平较低。

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