The comorbidity burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): sex differences and associated factors among 830 cases in North-Eastern Morocco.

IF 1.3 Q4 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Diabetology International Pub Date : 2024-08-14 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1007/s13340-024-00750-5

Ikram Kenfaoui, Said Bouchefra, Siham Daouchi, Abderrahim Benzakour, Mohammed Ouhssine

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Abstract

Background and aim: Type 2 diabetes is prone to numerous comorbidities resulting from complex mechanisms involving hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and accelerated atherogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate these disorders and their associated risk factors according to patient sex in a population of type 2 diabetics in North-Eastern Morocco.

Methods: This study was conducted in a medical analysis laboratory over a 1-year period from 01/10/2018 to 01/10/2019. This epidemiological study was carried out on 830 subjects aged 18 and over. Quantitative variables were expressed as means ± standard deviation, and qualitative variables as frequencies and percentages. Hypothesis tests used to compare means and proportions were Student's t-test and Chi-square test of independence, respectively. Logistic regression was used to predict risk factors for each diabetes.

Results: 830 patients were surveyed. 95.66% had diabetes-related comorbidities. Hypertension (23.7%), nephropathy (18.19%), dyslipidemia (14.82%), thyroid dysfunction (10.72%), cataract (10.12%), diabetic foot (7.23%), ketoacidosis (6.27%), retinopathy (3.49%), and skin disorders (2.77%) were observed. Sex was associated with dyslipidemia (p = 0.025), hypertension (p = 0.032) and retinopathy (p = 0.029). Uncontrolled blood sugar, unbalanced lipid profile, age, physical activity, obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption were risk factors with differential involvement in the occurrence of the mentioned pathologies.

Conclusions: The results of our study showed that a significant proportion of the population suffers from diabetic comorbidities. To meet this challenge, further research is needed to identify the mechanisms of action of these factors, to control them and combat diabetogenic environments by setting up adapted educational programs.

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2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 的合并症负担：摩洛哥东北部 830 个病例的性别差异和相关因素。

背景和目的：2 型糖尿病容易引发多种并发症，其复杂机制包括高血糖、胰岛素抵抗、低度炎症和加速动脉粥样硬化。本研究的目的是根据摩洛哥东北部 2 型糖尿病患者的性别，调查这些疾病及其相关风险因素：本研究在医学分析实验室进行，从 2018 年 10 月 1 日至 2019 年 10 月 1 日，为期 1 年。这项流行病学研究的对象是 830 名 18 岁及以上的受试者。定量变量以均数±标准差表示，定性变量以频率和百分比表示。用于比较均值和比例的假设检验分别为学生 t 检验和卡方独立性检验。采用逻辑回归法预测每种糖尿病的风险因素：共调查了 830 名患者。95.66%的患者有糖尿病相关合并症。高血压（23.7%）、肾病（18.19%）、血脂异常（14.82%）、甲状腺功能障碍（10.72%）、白内障（10.12%）、糖尿病足（7.23%）、酮症酸中毒（6.27%）、视网膜病变（3.49%）和皮肤病（2.77%）。性别与血脂异常（p = 0.025）、高血压（p = 0.032）和视网膜病变（p = 0.029）相关。血糖失控、血脂不平衡、年龄、体力活动、肥胖、吸烟和饮酒是导致上述病症发生的危险因素：我们的研究结果表明，相当一部分人患有糖尿病合并症。为了应对这一挑战，我们需要进一步开展研究，以确定这些因素的作用机制，并通过制定适当的教育计划来控制这些因素和消除导致糖尿病的环境。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Diabetology International ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

4.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Diabetology International, the official journal of the Japan Diabetes Society, publishes original research articles about experimental research and clinical studies in diabetes and related areas. The journal also presents editorials, reviews, commentaries, reports of expert committees, and case reports on any aspect of diabetes. Diabetology International welcomes submissions from researchers, clinicians, and health professionals throughout the world who are interested in research, treatment, and care of patients with diabetes. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed to assure that high-quality information in the field of diabetes is made available to readers. Manuscripts are reviewed with due respect for the author''s confidentiality. At the same time, reviewers also have rights to confidentiality, which are respected by the editors. The journal follows a single-blind review procedure, where the reviewers are aware of the names and affiliations of the authors, but the reviewer reports provided to authors are anonymous. Single-blind peer review is the traditional model of peer review that many reviewers are comfortable with, and it facilitates a dispassionate critique of a manuscript.