Associations of periconception dietary glycemic index and load with fertility in women and men: a study among couples in the general population.

IF 7 1区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Mireille C Schipper, Aline J Boxem, Sophia M Blaauwendraad, Annemarie G M G J Mulders, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Romy Gaillard
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The dietary glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) reflect carbohydrate quality and quantity, potentially impacting fertility through modulation of insulin sensitivity and generation of oxidative stress. While fertility is influenced by both women and men, reproductive research often emphasizes maternal factors. We first examined periconception dietary intake in both women and male partners, and subsequent associations of dietary GI and GL with fecundability and subfertility.

Methods: Among 830 women and 651 male partners, participating in a population-based prospective cohort study from preconception onwards, we assessed periconception dietary intake and calculated GI and GL, using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at median 12.4 weeks gestation (95% range 10.9, 18.4). Information on time to pregnancy was obtained through questionnaires, with subfertility defined as a time to pregnancy ≥ 12 months or use of assisted reproductive technology.

Results: In the periconception period, mean energy intake in women was 1870 kcal (SD: 500; 46% carbohydrates, 16% protein, 33% fat; dietary GI 56.2 (SD: 3.5) and GL 141.4 (SD: 67.4)). Mean energy intake in men was 2350 kcal (SD: 591; 43% carbohydrates, 16% protein, 33% fat; dietary GI 56.8 (SD: 3.2) and GL 156.7 (SD: 75.4)). Median time to pregnancy was 4.8 months (IQR: 1.2, 16.4), with 30.6% of 830 women experiencing subfertility. Dietary GI and GL were not associated with fertility outcomes in women. In men, higher dietary GI and GL across the full range were associated with decreased fecundability, after adjusting for socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, as well as dietary GI or GL of female partners [FR: 0.91, 95% CI 0.83, 0.99; FR: 0.90, 95% CI 0.81, 0.99, per SDS increase in dietary GI and GL, respectively]. When assessing the combined influence of dietary GI clinical categories in women and men, both partners adhering to a low GI diet tended to be associated with increased fecundability, but not with subfertility risk.

Conclusions: Suboptimal periconception carbohydrate intake may be negatively associated with male fertility, but not with fertility outcomes in women. Further studies are needed to assess whether a lower GI and GL diet is a feasible lifestyle intervention to improve couples fertility.

孕前膳食血糖生成指数和负荷与女性和男性生育能力的关系:一项针对普通人群中夫妇的研究。
背景:膳食血糖生成指数(GI)和负荷(GL)反映了碳水化合物的质量和数量,可能通过调节胰岛素敏感性和产生氧化应激影响生育能力。虽然生育力受男女双方的影响,但生殖研究通常强调母体因素。我们首先研究了女性和男性伴侣的围孕期膳食摄入量,以及随后膳食 GI 和 GL 与受孕率和不孕症的关系:在参与一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究的 830 名女性和 651 名男性伴侣中,我们使用食物频率问卷(FFQ)评估了孕前饮食摄入量,并计算了妊娠 12.4 周(95% 范围为 10.9 至 18.4 周)时的 GI 和 GL。通过问卷调查获得了怀孕时间的信息,怀孕时间≥12个月或使用辅助生殖技术即为不孕症:在围孕期,女性的平均能量摄入量为 1870 千卡(标清:500;46% 为碳水化合物,16% 为蛋白质,33% 为脂肪;膳食 GI 为 56.2(标清:3.5),GL 为 141.4(标清:67.4))。男性的平均能量摄入量为 2350 千卡(标清:591;43% 为碳水化合物,16% 为蛋白质,33% 为脂肪;膳食 GI 为 56.8(标清:3.2),GL 为 156.7(标清:75.4))。中位怀孕时间为 4.8 个月(IQR:1.2, 16.4),830 名妇女中有 30.6% 出现不孕症。膳食 GI 和 GL 与女性的生育结果无关。在调整了社会人口和生活方式因素以及女性伴侣的膳食 GI 或 GL 后,男性全范围内较高的膳食 GI 和 GL 与受孕率下降有关[膳食 GI 和 GL 每增加一个 SDS,受孕率分别为 0.91,95% CI 0.83,0.99;膳食 GI 和 GL 每增加一个 SDS,受孕率分别为 0.90,95% CI 0.81,0.99]。在评估膳食 GI 临床类别对女性和男性的综合影响时,坚持低 GI 膳食的夫妻双方往往与受孕率增加有关,但与亚受孕风险无关:结论:受孕前碳水化合物摄入不足可能与男性生育力呈负相关,但与女性的生育结果无关。还需要进一步的研究来评估低 GI 和 GL 饮食是否是改善夫妇生育能力的可行生活方式干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
BMC Medicine
BMC Medicine 医学-医学:内科
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
1.10%
发文量
435
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: BMC Medicine is an open access, transparent peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is the flagship journal of the BMC series and publishes outstanding and influential research in various areas including clinical practice, translational medicine, medical and health advances, public health, global health, policy, and general topics of interest to the biomedical and sociomedical professional communities. In addition to research articles, the journal also publishes stimulating debates, reviews, unique forum articles, and concise tutorials. All articles published in BMC Medicine are included in various databases such as Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CAS, Citebase, Current contents, DOAJ, Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science Citation Index Expanded, OAIster, SCImago, Scopus, SOCOLAR, and Zetoc.
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